Chapter 1060 Skinning Problem

In fact, although the request made by the top leaders was a bit abrupt, after thinking carefully, he could understand some of their difficulties.

Since the emergence of nuclear bombs and long-range missiles, it means that several nuclear powers have the strategic advantage of killing people thousands of miles away and winning in the tent. However, the targets of 6-base ballistic nuclear missiles are relatively obvious, and it is easy for the opponent to figure out the position. Exposing the position means that the nuclear deterrence capability may be lost.

It is for this reason that everyone has set their sights on the seabed. Intercontinental nuclear missiles fired by nuclear submarines will obviously pose a greater threat to the enemy. These nuclear killers cruising on the bottom of the ocean are difficult to be captured by people, and there is a chance to get as close to the enemy as possible. Therefore, nuclear submarines have become the only magic weapon to maintain a country's nuclear deterrence capability.

Especially for nuclear powers with very small territorial areas such as the United Kingdom, there is no place on the ground to build nuclear bomb bases. Therefore, they have long thought about the seabed and used large and advanced nuclear submarines to maintain their status as a nuclear power.

Not long ago, the British Navy showed the public the first schematic diagram of the structure of the Astute-class nuclear-powered attack submarine for the first time. In front of the first batch of reporters who were allowed to visit, British naval officials boasted that this was the first nuclear submarine newly built by the UK in nearly 20 years and the best submarine in the world so far.

Next, the British Navy plans to build eight Astute-class nuclear submarines to replace all active Fast-class nuclear submarines and some "Trafalgar"-class nuclear submarines.

Due to the special combat methods, submarines need to hide for a long time. Cruising in the deep sea. Therefore, stealth performance becomes the main factor in whether submarines can survive in a complex and cruel marine war environment. There are two magic weapons for submarines to improve their stealth performance. One is to reduce the noise level of the submarine itself, and the other is to reduce the reflectivity of the submarine to radar waves and sonar detection and reduce the infrared and magnetic characteristics of the submarine.

It is said that the British "Astute" class nuclear submarine, which is about to start construction, is equipped with a water jet propulsion device. It is the world's first submarine that does not use propellers for propulsion. The elimination of propeller noise has greatly improved its anti-reconnaissance capability, making the noise it produces during navigation even smaller than the movement of a small whale, only about 90 decibels to 100 decibels.

In terms of nuclear submarine stealth technology, the United States has always been at the forefront of the world's military powers. The noise of American submarines has always been relatively low. The noise of Los Angeles-class nuclear submarines is 128 decibels, and the noise of Ohio-class nuclear submarines and Seawolf-class attack nuclear submarines has been reduced to 100 to 110 decibels, which is very close to the noise level of the natural ocean.

In order to improve stealth, the Ohio-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines of the US Navy use natural circulation pressurized water reactors on the boat, that is, the main circulation pump can be used without using it during medium and low navigation, thereby reducing mechanical noise. The mechanical device on the submarine uses a floating raft shock absorber, and other noisy equipment on the boat is equipped with sound insulation shielding, and anechoic tiles are applied to the outside of the hull. In addition,

this class of submarines also adopts stealth measures such as eliminating infrared characteristics, eliminating magnetism, and reducing waste emissions.

For Russian submarines, they have fully realized the anechoic tiles of submarines, that is, all nuclear submarines are equipped with anechoic tiles developed and produced by Russia, so the noise of Russian submarines has been reduced to about 115 decibels.

For the current Kursk, due to the second-generation anechoic tiles with a thickness of 150 mm laid on the surface of the hull, and the use of high damping materials to manufacture propellers, air curtain noise reduction, titanium alloy steel to manufacture the hull, and the installation of anti-sound source systems and other unique technologies, its stealth capability is even stronger, it is said that it can reach below 100 decibels, and it is difficult for the enemy to detect it whether in water or in space.

China's nuclear submarine technology has always been very mysterious. Some experts in Western military columns speculate that because China has developed a shark skin-like technology for the outer shell of the submarine, that is, a sound-absorbing tile with a shark skin structure made using the bionic principle, China's new submarine can not only significantly absorb the noise generated by the submarine itself, but also absorb and weaken the enemy's sonar detection sound; +, and thus compete with military powers such as the United States, Britain and Russia in the field of submarine stealth.

However, Fan Wubing expressed some doubts about this. Some Western statements are always exaggerated. He feels that he is relatively familiar with some domestic situations. Therefore, he does not think that this shark skin-like technology is very real. Otherwise, he would not need to find an opportunity to get some Kursk's outer skin.

At present, the more popular bionic technology is used in nuclear submarines in two main aspects: one is the improvement of the force, and the other is the improvement of the outer skin technology. The improvement in power is mainly learned from the squid.

The squid is known as an underwater rocket. Its body is like a rocket. When it moves forward, the tail is forward, and the head and tentacles are stacked together to form a streamlined shape. Its locomotion organ is a funnel-shaped tube under the abdomen. Its tail is forward, and its head and tentacles generate a huge reaction force, so it moves forward quickly like a rocket.

The squid's water jet propulsion is a very good power device, which allows the squid to move forward 70 kilometers per hour, and even up to 150 kilometers per hour. As long as the position of the relevant parts of the nozzle is changed, the squid can move forward and backward freely.

Submarines are lurking in the vast ocean. If a water jet propeller like a squid is installed in the submarine, and water is ejected from the tail of the submarine through the jet pipe, the hull can be pushed forward by the powerful reaction force, and its propulsion efficiency will be far greater than that of the propeller.

In fact, the Astute-class nuclear submarines under construction by the British Navy use this power technology, but it has not yet taken shape, and no one is sure how effective it is, whether it can really be as good as imagined. But if this technology is realized, the noise of the Astute-class nuclear submarine will definitely be surprisingly small.

As for the outer skin of nuclear submarines, various characteristics of dolphins are generally used to improve the speed, performance and safety factor of submarines. Dolphins are swimmers in the sea and can swim up to about 50 kilometers. It has such a high swimming speed, but the power it consumes is not large, which is both energy-saving and fast. There are two main reasons: one is its streamlined body shape, and the other is its special skin structure.

The size of the resistance encountered by a moving object in water is related to the liquid flow structure around the object. If the so-called laminar flow is formed without vortex, the water resistance is minimal. Otherwise, turbulence will be caused, and the resistance will increase and affect the speed.

The fusiform body and smooth epidermis of dolphins can cause serious turbulence. Its special skin structure can also turn turbulence into laminar flow, thereby greatly reducing the friction resistance of water.

The epidermis of dolphins is a sponge structure with many papillae, and the spaces between the papillae are filled with liquid. This structure is functionally like countless fine tubes filled with fluid. When the pressure of turbulence changes on the skin surface, the fluid flows out or flows into the fine tubes as the pressure changes.

In this process, part of the energy of turbulence is absorbed, thereby turning turbulence into laminar flow. If artificial dolphin skin is imitated according to the structural characteristics of dolphin skin, it can be made into a smooth and soft epidermis, an elastic dermis and a support layer in contact with the deck. If this artificial dolphin skin is wrapped on the surface of a torpedo, the water resistance of the torpedo will be reduced by more than half.

At present, scientists have developed anechoic tiles for submarines based on the dolphin principle. They are made of rubber, about 30 mm thick, and have a cavity with a diameter of about 3.5 mm inside.

Its working principle is actually not complicated. It mainly uses the oscillation of sound waves in the cavity to reduce the intensity of sound wave reflection and achieve the purpose of invisibility.

First, it can absorb the sonar waves emitted by the opponent's active radar, that is, using the damping effect of the anechoic tile material and the effect of the cavity or filler inside the tile, the sound waves emitted by the opponent are changed, and the sound energy is converted into heat energy and consumed, so that the energy of the reflected sound waves is greatly reduced, achieving the purpose of sharply reducing active sonar detection.

Secondly, it can isolate the noise inside the submarine from radiating outward. Noise is a taboo for submarines to operate underwater, especially nuclear submarines with large tonnage, large size and high noise, which are more likely to be detected by the opponent at a very long distance. Anechoic tiles can partially alleviate this contradiction.

When a submarine is wrapped with layers of anechoic tiles, it is equivalent to wrapping a radio with a cotton jacket, and the sound is significantly reduced. In this case, the noise inside the submarine is naturally greatly suppressed from radiating outward.

Therefore, the new generation of submarine skins developed by imitating the special skin structure of dolphins and combining the sound-absorbing tiles with the bionic skin similar to the dolphin skin structure can make the submarine more effective.

According to the latest intelligence, the outer skin of the Kursk uses this most advanced bionic technology, so the top leaders specifically told Fan Wubing to find a way to get some samples, which is very important for domestic researchers.

Fan Wubing also intends to do it now, but according to the situation in the past two days, the site is heavily guarded, which really makes him feel a little bit helpless. Moreover, the divers who can get close to the target are all foreigners, and he has no way to do it!

It is impossible to get the salvaged objects unless you dive into the water yourself, or it may be possible to do this.

Just thinking about diving into such a deep seabed, Fan Wubing feels a little uneasy. After all, the old people have said that it is better to go up the mountain than to go down to the sea. Once you dive in, it is hard to say what will happen next. This decision is still difficult to make.