Chapter 1154 Investment and Income Issues

Xi’s focus is on energy and mineral resources. Basically, divination is based on the prelude of Dan, and it is impatient and ignorant. This has a lot to do with the lack of a specialized and effective management agency and supervision system.

At this point, developed countries have long been ahead.

The United States promulgated and implemented the Energy Policy and Conservation Act as early as 1975, with the core being energy security, energy conservation and energy efficiency improvement. In 1982, the National Electrical Products Energy Conservation Law was formulated to address the energy efficiency issue of motor vehicles, which is a comprehensive legal text on energy supply and use.

In 1998, the National Comprehensive Energy Strategy was announced, which called for improving the efficiency of the energy system and utilizing energy resources more effectively.

Its management organization is also quite large and effective. The U.S. Department of Energy has the Bureau of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. It is the largest bureau within the department and has two general offices, the Office of Planning and Budget, and the Office of Management and Operations. It has five marketing departments and six regional offices, with a staff strength of approximately 450 people.

By comparison, we can see that the domestic energy bureau only has about 30 people. What can it do? Could it be said that domestic office efficiency can be higher than that in the United States? This is obviously unlikely.

In terms of public finances, the U.S. federal government's investment budget for energy conservation and new energy is also increasing year by year. It was US$1.18 billion in 2001 and increased to US$1.31 billion this year. Twenty-one states in the United States have energy conservation public welfare funds, which mainly raise funds by raising electricity prices by about 2%.

The fund is managed by state public utility commissions, and relevant departments and units can apply for and use the fund to carry out energy-saving activities.

As for the incentive policies, they are also in place, including cash subsidies, tax exemptions and low-interest payments.

Starting this year, the United States decided to implement energy tax reduction policies in the next ten years in areas such as energy efficiency, alternative fuels, and renewable fuels. The tax reduction amount for newly built buildings and various energy-saving equipment is 10% or 20% respectively based on the determined energy efficiency indicators.

Last year, 40 state government departments and public utilities in the United States provided a total of $130 million in cash subsidy projects. Users are encouraged to purchase energy-saving appliances and lighting products certified by "Energy Star". Encourage the promotion of acetyl gasoline and provide a subsidy of about US$200 per ton of ethanol.

The U.S. Department of Energy has extensive administrative authority. The Ministry of Energy is responsible for formulating and implementing energy efficiency standards and implements a mandatory energy efficiency labeling system. Later, voluntary energy-saving certification (Energy Star) was implemented in 1992. U.S. procurement laws and several presidential decrees stipulate that the government must purchase "Energy Star" certified products. "Energy Star" has indirectly become a mandatory government behavior and a technical barrier for foreign products to enter the U.S. market.

The Office of Federal Energy Management is responsible for energy conservation efforts in government agencies.

To ensure the realization of energy saving goals. In the past ten years, the United States has issued 13 presidential executive orders and two presidential memoranda. Specific provisions are made on the government's energy-saving goals, responsibilities, management, procurement, etc.

In terms of energy-saving projects, since 1998, more than 2,500 organizations have participated in the High Efficiency Motor Challenge Program initiated by the U.S. Department of Energy. A consortium of 200 equipment suppliers, agents, power companies and state governments carried out promotion, training and information dissemination to more than 30,000 end users.

Over the past 12 years, the US Environmental Protection Agency has implemented the Green Lighting Program and established partnerships with more than 2,300 companies, power companies, non-profit organizations and other groups, investing a total of more than one billion US dollars in promoting efficient lighting products.

All this shows that the efficient operating model of the U.S. Department of Energy has had a great impact on American social life. On the other hand, the domestic energy bureau is basically the same with or without them. There are thirty people. It is expected that they can what to do? It is estimated that if you write a work summary, you have to hire a gunman to complete it.

In fact, Americans are not the only ones taking the lead in energy. Countries such as France and Japan are also very active on this issue.

France's "Weizituan Energy Report" published in 1998 has already outlined the outline of France's energy policy, liberalizing the electricity and natural gas markets, adjusting transportation urban planning to control consumption, taking measures to update existing power plants, and at the same time develop nuclear power plants and formulate energy tax policies.

In terms of management agencies, the French government promulgated a decree in 1992 to establish the interdepartmental and relatively independent Environmental and Energy Control Agency, and established representative offices in 26 administrative regions.

In the second millennium, the French government increased energy conservation by adding 200 people to the Environment and Energy Control Agency, bringing the total to 900 people, increasing the budget by one billion francs, and establishing 100 information propaganda points across the country.

The budget managed by the Environment and Energy Control Agency is approximately 3 billion francs, of which 500 million francs are used for renewable energy, 700 million francs for energy conservation, and 1.8 billion francs for environmental governance. These expenses support the environment and energy control agency through contracts. Representative institutions, research units and enterprises carry out environmental and energy research, diagnostic consultation and project investment.

In terms of taxation, there are also preferential energy policies, such as automobile fuel tax and new environmental pollution tax, income tax reduction and exemption for the installation of home insulation and heating equipment and high-efficiency boilers, and a depreciation system for investment in energy efficiency technology in the industrial field in the second year. Companies that invest in energy conservation are tax-free on profits from the use and rental of energy-saving equipment.

Another very important measure is the effective management of key energy-consuming enterprises. The government requires 1,500 energy-consuming units with an annual energy consumption of more than 5,000 tons of standard oil to be key energy-consuming enterprises. They are required to make voluntary energy-saving guarantees and promote energy-saving measures to them through intermediary organizations.

In terms of energy audit, the Environment and Energy Control Agency arranges 20 major demonstration projects every year to carry out energy audits and puts forward energy-saving transformation plans and suggestions. For major technology and process demonstration projects that are used for the first time, the government provides about 30% of project funds and tax concessions.

The government's energy-saving publicity is mainly carried out through television public service advertisements, publicity materials, and the establishment of public consultation telephones. The annual fiscal budget for energy-saving publicity is about 90 million francs.

Japan has taken a step earlier in energy control. In 1979, it promulgated and implemented the "Law on Rational Energy Use and Renewable Resources Utilization". The core is to encourage enterprises, motor vehicles, and energy-consuming equipment to comply with stricter energy efficiency standards. The "Long-term Outlook for Energy Supply and Demand in 2008" was formulated. It emphasizes the control of energy demand through the adoption of stable energy-saving measures.

Japan's energy-saving management is under the charge of the Ministry of Resources and Energy, which is managed by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. After the reform of the Japanese government agencies in 2001, the energy-saving management agency was upgraded from the Energy-saving Section of the Coal Department of the Ministry of Resources and Energy to the Energy-saving and New Energy Department, with a staff of 65 people.

Although this number seems to be a little less, it should be noted that Japan has a small population base, and the Japanese work very hard. It can be said that if calculated year-on-year, these 65 people can The effect it can exert must be at least equivalent to the efficiency that a domestic energy bureau with more than 2,000 staff can exert.

In terms of budget, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Energy's fiscal budget for 2001 is 130 billion yen, and energy conservation and new energy is 52 billion yen. Subsidies are implemented for the promotion of energy-saving equipment and demonstration projects. The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry allocates 38 billion yen annually to subsidize household and building energy management systems and high-efficiency water heaters. Special depreciation and tax exemptions are also implemented for the use of more than 100 energy-saving equipment listed in the catalog. The tax exemption accounts for about 10% of the equipment purchase cost. Policy banks also support these projects. Provide low-interest loans to encourage the promotion and application of energy-saving equipment.

In terms of the management of key energy-consuming enterprises, Japan is obviously more cautious. They have listed more than 10,000 units with an annual fuel consumption of 1,500 tons of standard oil or an electricity consumption of more than 6 million degrees as key energy-consuming enterprises, and require them to be equipped with full-time energy management personnel. Specific requirements are put forward for factory heat, electricity and building heat loss, and energy consumption status is reported to the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and relevant departments every year. If the energy-saving target cannot be achieved on time and a reasonable improvement plan cannot be proposed, the competent department has the right to announce it to the public, order it to make rectification within a time limit, and impose a fine.

In terms of government equipment energy efficiency standards and labels, implementation The leading product energy efficiency benchmark system was established, and energy efficiency standards for automobiles and electrical products were set to be no lower than the level of the best products on the market, and the target year for implementation was clearly defined. In 1999, a mandatory energy efficiency labeling system was implemented for automobiles, commercial and household electrical appliances, etc., to facilitate consumers to compare product energy efficiency.

A large part of the data in the plan submitted by Fan Heng came from the original data collected by Fan Wubing's intelligence department. Therefore, when the senior executives saw so much detailed data, they were a little surprised. You know, domestic intelligence departments are far from reaching this level in collecting economic intelligence.

"How credible are these data?" Someone expressed doubt.

Fan Heng answered this question very simply, "The economic intelligence department of Fan's Investment Group in various countries around the world is actually one of the most effective intelligence departments. The annual investment in this area is about 20 billion US dollars. At the most, it has exceeded 28 billion US dollars.

When everyone heard this, they were silent. 28 billion US dollars, according to the current exchange rate, is equivalent to an investment of 230 billion RMB. Such a large investment. It is really jaw-dropping just to spend on collecting economic intelligence.

One of the Standing Committee members said somewhat depressedly, "Last year, the domestic military expenditure was only 20 billion US dollars."

"How can Fan have such a high investment in economic intelligence?" A member asked this question curiously.

Fan Heng spread his hands and explained, "I don't know the specific situation, but when I heard Wu Bing talk about it, it seems that the consumption level abroad is probably higher, and there are some special intelligence analysis departments that can transfer economic intelligence and technical information, which is also more expensive. Take the current scale of Fan Investment Group's overseas intelligence department, which is probably more than thousands of people. These people and their intelligence sources. All need to be supported by money.

So, all in all, it is probably an investment of more than 20 billion US dollars a year."

Someone else raised the question, "Fan's net income from domestic enterprises is only tens of billions of dollars a year, right? Can such a large investment be tolerated?" Fan Heng replied, "According to what he said, Fan's Investments in the country are basically not focused on returns. The main reason is that he feels that there are major shortcomings in some major domestic industries, so he has planned to build some industries to make up for it. As for most of Fan's income, it mainly comes from overseas markets, such as financial and mineral resources, real estate, hotel industry and some other channels. "

"I would like to ask, does Vice Premier Fan know the revenue figures of Fan's company?" a member asked.

In fact, this is something that everyone is more concerned about, because Fan Investment Group is a multinational consortium, and the number of shareholders is very small, mainly Fan Wubing himself, and the proportions held by several other important executives are also very small. Moreover, it is registered overseas and is not listed on the market. Therefore, everyone is in the dark about the asset size and profitability of Fan Investment Group, and it is impossible to judge how much money Fan Investment Group actually has.

Although everyone knows the approximate size of Fan's Investment Group's domestic assets and can calculate the annual income of Fan's Investment Group in the domestic market through taxation, if we want to comprehensively evaluate Fan's Investment Group, what can we do? There are too few reference resources.

If there is one person who knows the actual financial resources of Fan Investment Group, it is probably Fan Wubing alone.

Therefore, when Fan Heng answered this question, he also spread his hands and said, "I don't know. I never ask about my children's personal income. This is their personal**."

However, Director Fan also added, "But it seems that the income from overseas financial markets last year was said to be hundreds of billions of dollars. I can't ask for details."

"Ah nbsp;nbsp;Ah" It was obvious that several committee members were planning to bang their heads on the table.

Comparing one person to another is really infuriating. With a son like this as the backstage, what kind of big scene can't be handled? No wonder Fan Heng doesn't care about anything and can concentrate on his own career. It's really incomparable!