1613 Five-Dimensional Theory
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In the opening part of the "Interstellar" movie, Murphy once complained about ghosts in his room when he was a child, and was laughed at by Tom, and his father Cooper obviously didn't believe it, but Cooper was dissuaded by his father-in-law. Patiently To advise Murphy: If she hopes to explain those unknown things through science, then she must record more data, then simulate the model, and then explore the law.
In the second half of the story, the audience learns that Cooper is actually the ghost in Murphy's room.
When Cooper lost himself in the tunnel of time and space, and finally appeared in a five-dimensional space and time, he could see Murphy's room - the same scene in different timelines, he could see the past , the present and the future, so Cooper tried to have a dialogue with Murphy in his childhood through the time tunnel, leaving clues for Murphy, hoping that Murphy could bring himself home again.
After becoming an adult, Murphy finally deciphered the code that his father left in the room through the time tunnel, and solved the problem of saving the earth in one go, becoming a hero to save all human beings, and finally guiding his father back home.
In other words, the scene where Cooper is placed in the five-dimensional space-time is crucial to the core message of the entire film, and it is also the most difficult scene to perform in the entire film.
For this scene, Christopher built the entire hypercube!
In general, the world that people perceive is four-dimensional space, that is, three spatial dimensions plus one time dimension, while five-dimensional space-time has four spatial dimensions, which is also called a hypercube. For most people, this is a very difficult concept to understand, and it is even more difficult to represent it on the big screen.
Double Negative was tasked with presenting this hypercube with visual effects. From an artistic point of view, they could express the whole concept in a more abstract way; but Christopher was a director who constantly pushed the limits of visual effects, and they eventually Still decided to follow the exact look of the hypercube to complete the production.
Double Negative's visual effects supervisor, paul-franklin, studied with astrophysicist Kip Thorne for nearly six months, and even got Kip Thorne's notebook, a treasure trove, to make sure Its own production team is able to create images that conform to the laws based on real physical formulas.
The same goes for hypercubes.
At present, humans still cannot understand the concept of four spatial dimensions, so after negotiation, Christopher and Kip arranged for Cooper to fall into one of the sides of the hypercube, and then experience the hypercube from Cooper's perspective, in an easy-to-understand way. The way that the audience can feel the power of time and space——
Because the faces of the cube are all two-dimensional, the face of the hypercube is three-dimensional. Nolan designed Cooper to fall into the "three-dimensional face" of the hypercube, which made Cooper not disappear.
At the same time, Murphy's room is located on another three-dimensional surface of the hypercube. Because of the existence of five-dimensional space-time, it seems that there is only one bookshelf between Cooper and Murphy, and the distance between the two people seems to be within reach. , but actually separated by the entire river of time and space.
According to Albert-Einstein's theory of relativity, it is impossible to go back in time, not even into higher dimensional space-time. But it is set in the movie that gravitational waves can travel through time and affect the past, which also means that if Cooper wants to change the past, he must be able to see the entire timeline, from the past to the future.
Time in the five-dimensional space-time is an entity, just like a line. When you are in it, you can see every moment from the beginning to the end of the entire line; but if you try to change what happened in the past instant, you can only use gravity Waves, giving hints, fluttering their wings a little like a butterfly effect.
To this end, Paul Franklin led the entire visual effects team to start thinking about what the hypercube should look like, especially how to show the linear time that exists as an entity, and how to further use objects as a medium to show every moment on the timeline , he had to come up with a perfect solution, not to clutter the picture, but also to ensure that the viewer could observe the changes in Murphy's room at different points in the timeline through Cooper's point of view.
It was an almost impossible task, but the Double Negative Company did it.
They reduced the six images of Murphy's room and made each image emit two vertical lines. These two lines are the "timelines". Whenever the timelines intersect, an image of the room is produced, Just like quadrants, the intersection of the vertical and horizontal axes can form an intersection.
Therefore, countless lines can be seen in the entire five-dimensional space-time, which continuously intersect to form the images of countless rooms. These images are placed on different vertical and horizontal axes, and the specific time can be accurately read according to the quadrant coordinates. Point, Cooper only needs to float vertically or horizontally along the timeline to see the past or future picture of Murphy's room.
Such a picture takes time for any audience to understand and digest, and the actors are no exception. How can an actor be able to accurately express emotion if he doesn't even know what's going on? Green screen can do it, but green screen can't help the actor feel the real "time travel".
Then, the hypercube in front of me appeared.
The space in the center is the three-dimensional plane, which is where Cooper is located; while the other spaces are all pictures of Murphy's room on different time coordinates.
There are currently only five rooms, but in a later stage these rooms will be expanded to
Countless, showing all the coordinate points of the entire timeline.
When actually shooting in the studio, the projector is also used. Double Negative Company will project the images generated by the time change on the surrounding curtain wall, not only the actors, but the entire filming team can have an intuitive understanding of the timeline inside the hypercube——
For a simple example, the space above may be when Murphy was five years old, the space on the right was when Murphy was sixty-five years old, and the space below was when Murphy was thirty. and so on.
In this way, the entire five-dimensional space-time is presented three-dimensionally in front of everyone, so that the photography team and lighting team can understand how all the shooting tracks, pictures and angles should be selected.
Of course, in the behind-the-scenes production, digital special effects had to be added to every frame of the entire scene, an unimaginable amount of work.
From the side, we can see Christopher's insistence: the combination of real scenes and special effects can not only affect the performance of the actors, but also the impact on the entire shooting team is incalculable.
When filming "Inception", Christopher built the entire hallway and placed it on a giant rotating machine, allowing Joseph Gordon-Levitt to film the weightless fight scenes in the hallway; now Christopher has built the entire five-dimensional space-time , allowing Renly to complete a "time travel" on the film screen.
Timothy couldn't help but exclaimed, "So... all the models and props in the center are for that scene?"
Just for a mere show, it has gathered the wisdom of hundreds of people, and the consumption of manpower and material resources is absolutely no trivial matter.
Before today, Christopher had discussed the concept of five-dimensional space-time with Renly. For this reason, Renly also studied with Matthew Dunlop to gain a basic understanding of many of the theories, and now finally see the entity, shock and After being surprised, another question popped into my mind.
"And what about the lights?"
Renly's inquiry made Christopher cast a puzzled look-for the lighting, Christopher must make adjustments according to the actual situation, so what's the problem? Renly could only go on to explain.
"I mean weightlessness. When Cooper is in five-dimensional space-time, he is weightless, right? That's why he can float up and down and read information at different time coordinates. But if only relying on the power Ya, then how to express weightlessness? Not only will the body not appear light, but it will also appear bulky.”
When the actor is in the state of Weiya, his limbs are off the ground, and it is difficult to control his body, which further magnifies the influence of gravity.
In traditional oriental martial arts movies, the flying effect of flying over the eaves and walls needs to rely on manpower to pull Weiya. This is a super difficult technical task, not because the old master cannot achieve such an effect; but in the five-dimensional space and time, Weiya is a Relatively still, Renly was suspended in mid-air, and Wia didn’t have much room for pulling and moving—even if there was space, Christopher didn’t need to fly and avoid, but to move in the space quadrant.
This also means that the actor's movements are bound to become awkward, and the lighting effects become extra important.
After filming "Gravity", Renly also had a preliminary understanding of the creation of the weightless effect, and now the first thought in his mind was lighting.
Christopher opened his mouth and was ready to answer. He thought he already had a draft, but after the words poured into his mouth, he couldn't help but pause, showing a thoughtful look.
Christopher just stood there and thought for a moment, then turned around and walked away... just left.
Renly and the others stayed where they were, blinked, but couldn't react. Looking at each other, Timothy asked cautiously, "Did the director get angry?"
"Pfft," the three of them couldn't help laughing.
Of course Christopher didn't get pissed off, but went to find the lighting team and the VFX team - a very, very serious problem.
Generally speaking, the Weiya problem is handed over to the martial arts stunt team, but there is no martial arts scene in "Interstellar", so naturally there is no martial arts stunt team, but now the Weiya problem is completely ignored. If Renly didn't realize it, they would have to wait until the shooting started to find the problem, and then slowly adjust it, which would be even more troublesome.
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