Chapter 639 The Eve of Western Australia's Great Development

As early as 50,000 years ago, a group of aborigines first came to settle in Australia. About 200 years ago, a large number of European whites migrated to Australia, which was the second time humans migrated to Australia.

Europeans first discovered Australia and drew navigation charts when they sailed east in search of gold and spices in the early 17th century. The Dutch called this land New Holland, but it was not until the end of the 18th century that Captain Cook set out from Britain to the South Pacific and launched an expedition to discover the eastern part of Australia and occupy the east coast, starting the history of Australia's great immigration.

Shortly after Captain Cook discovered Australia, the United States declared independence, forcing Britain to find another place to exile criminals, so it opened a new prison in Australia. The policy of exiling prisoners was not stopped until 1868, when criminals and released prisoners accounted for one-ninth of the population, and the rest were free colonists and native Australians. By this time, a large amount of land in Australia had been opened up.

In 1850, gold was discovered in Australia, attracting thousands of gold diggers to flock to it.

In the mid-19th century, Australian society gradually began to understand the consciousness of nationalism. By the beginning of the 20th century, Australia had developed into an urbanized country and formed the Australian Federation.

Today's Australia is a democratic system, and immigrants are mainly from Europe and Asia, forming a unique multicultural feature.

Western Australian Governor Hobbit expressed a warm welcome to Fan Wubing's return. Because of the successful increase in Fantasy Company's stock, the company was able to form a second boom in a short period of time. The economic development of the entire Western Australia was significantly affected, and the number of employed workers also increased by about 5,000. With the continued expansion of the company, this number should have a larger development.

Five thousand employment opportunities are almost negligible for Chinese people, but for Western Australia, it is a very impressive political achievement.

"The area of ​​Western Australia accounts for about one-third of Australia, but the population is less than two million, of which nearly one and a half million are concentrated in Perth. Five thousand jobs are indeed not a small number for this sparsely populated state government. Including the employees who have moved in before, the number of Western Australian residents working for the company has exceeded 10,000." Fan Wubing introduced to Shen Ying.

Shen Ying looked at the scenery outside the car window, as if she had entered a primeval forest. If the road under her feet was not really a concrete road, she really thought she was lost in the forest, because kangaroos jumped across the road from time to time, which made her feel a little excited.

"Wubing, look, there seems to be a koala over there!" Shen Ying lowered the car window and pointed at the koala on a eucalyptus tree on the opposite road and shouted.

Fan Wubing smiled and said, "Those things look fun, but they actually bite people.

However, the concept of animal protection here in Australia is very strong. You'd better not provoke those small animals, otherwise you may be deported. Some people from China came here to study in the past. There were often pigeons in the yard, so they just shot a few to make soup. As a result, these pigeons were wild, and the meat was relatively rough and hard. They couldn't be stewed for a long time, so they had to throw them away. The neighbor found out about this, so he went to the police station to report it. As a result, the man was arrested and sentenced to two years in prison plus a fine of 10,000 Australian dollars."

"This criminal law is indeed quite harsh." Shen Ying stuck out her tongue and said, "I wonder if stepping on ants is illegal?"

"It depends on whether the kind of ants you stepped on are protected." Fan Wubing replied with a smile.

Although Governor Hobbit expressed great enthusiasm for Fan Wubing's arrival, Australians' habits are different from those of Chinese people, so they don't care much about banquets. Instead, they arranged for someone to accompany Fan Wubing and Shen Ying to visit the state government and gave them a full explanation of the Australian political system.

Fan Wubing had experienced this before, so he naturally didn't think it was new, but Shen Ying was in Australia for the first time, and everything was very new to her and she was very interested. Fortunately, everyone's English was good, so there was no barrier to communication.

The person who explained the two this time was still Yang Huiling, a Taiwanese woman who had been a tour guide for Fan Wubing in Sydney before. It was only more than two months since Fan Wubing last came here.

Yang Huiling was also a little surprised to see Fan Wubing come back so soon, but when she saw Shen Ying, who was very fresh about everything, Yang Huiling couldn't help but envy this pair of golden boys and girls a little bit. They were simply a match made in heaven.

"Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Its political institutions and habits follow the Western political tradition and implements a bicameral parliamentary system. Each state in the Senate has twelve seats, and half of the members are elected by referendum every three years. The members are elected for a six-year term. The House of Representatives is elected by referendum according to the ratio of each state. The members are elected for three years. The party or multi-party alliance with a majority in the House of Representatives will form the government and provide the candidates for the prime minister and ministers. Ministers must be members of the parliament. "Yang Huiling introduced to Shen Ying, "The cabinet is the main agency for formulating policies. It is chaired by the prime minister. About half of the ministers are cabinet members. Cabinet decisions are held in secret. It becomes legally binding upon approval by the Administrative Council. The Administrative Council is a procedural organization chaired by the Governor. Although all ministers are members of the Administrative Council, usually only two or three ministers attend the meeting.”

"Is the Governor-General of Australia the Queen of England?" Shen Ying asked.

Yang Huiling shook her head and replied, "The Governor-General of Australia is the representative of Queen Elizabeth II. His role is to mediate or make decisions when the Parliament and the Prime Minister have serious differences on major national issues and must make decisions as soon as possible. However, in recent years, , the Australian people are also trying to achieve an independent republic to save the cost of setting up the Governor's Palace and paying for the British royal tour of Australia every year. However, public surveys show that more Australians are more accustomed to the current system and think that the current system is. Conducive and restrictive to centralization and national stability.”

The Governor-General of Australia is the representative of the Australian monarch in Australia. According to the current laws of Australia and the United Kingdom, Australia and the United Kingdom share a monarch, and this monarch is resident in the United Kingdom. Therefore, the Governor-General of Australia generally performs the duties of the head of state.

As the plenipotentiary representative of the monarch, the governor-general has great legal powers. The constitution gives him the highest executive power in the country. He is also the commander-in-chief, can make and cancel decrees, and has the power to appoint and remove parliament, ministers and prime ministers. However, in accordance with the traditional practice of the British Westminster system, the Governor-General does not interfere in administration and exercises power in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister.

Similarly, de jure, the governor-general is nominated by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch. But since Britain confirmed the independent status of the dominions in the 1930s, the monarch has not rejected the nomination of Australian Prime Minister. Likewise, on the appointment of the Governor-General, the monarch only follows the advice of the Australian Prime Minister and does not consider the advice of the British Prime Minister and Parliament. In fact, the appointment and removal of the Governor-General is in the hands of the Australian Prime Minister.

These legal and customary contradictions sometimes lead to disputes. In the constitutional crisis of 1975, Governor-General John Kerr dismissed the government of Prime Minister Edward Whitlam on the grounds that the Prime Minister was unable to pass the budget through the Senate.

At that time, Queen Elizabeth II decided not to intervene on the grounds that Australia had become an independent country, its governor-general was Yuan, and the constitutional crisis must be resolved by Australia itself.

John Kerr's actions have been controversial ever since. Opponents argued that legally, according to Westminster convention, the Governor-General should not dissolve the government if he had the support of a majority in the House of Representatives. Politically, opponents argued that an unelected governor should not have the power to dissolve a government elected by the people.

After listening to this introduction, Shen Ying felt that the political structure of foreigners was really a bit baffling. It had to be so complicated that it even confused them.

Fan Wubing said, "Actually, we can't laugh at them too much. After all, they are doing this to find a more perfect politics that can supervise each other, and are not willing to concentrate power too much in the hands of one person. Isn't there In a word, absolute power leads to absoluteness. Although the degree of this may be greater or less due to the personal factors of the ruler, it is easy to breed as long as it is centralized politics. "

"It sounds like this system is not in line with our national conditions." Shen Ying said after hearing this.

Fan Wubing smiled and said, "Yes, that's right."

At present, the Australian Federation is divided into six states and two territories. The country is managed by the federal government, state territories, and local governments.

The Australian Parliament and government are responsible for handling all matters of national interest. The six state governments and state legislatures supplement the activities of the federal government. The Northern Territory and Australian Territories are similar to the states and practice autonomy to a large extent.

The powers and responsibilities of local governments vary. Generally speaking, they are responsible for town planning, management of parks, recreational areas, swimming pools, public libraries and community centres, construction and maintenance of highways, streets and bridges, water supply, sewerage and drainage systems, public health and sanitation, building supervision, weights and measures and other regulations.

The Constitution stipulates that judicial power in Australia belongs to the High Court of Australia and other courts established by the Australian Parliament. Parliament established the Federal Court of Australia and the Family Court of Australia to handle cases in areas specifically provided for by federal law. In addition, state courts are vested with federal jurisdiction in certain areas. All states, territories and the Northern Territory have their own court systems.

Law enforcement responsibilities in Australia are shared by federal, state and Northern Territory police. Local police officers independently enforce the laws of their state or region. But there is also much formal and informal cooperation between them and between governments. The Australian Federal Police and the National Crime Agency are the federal government's principal law enforcement agencies.

After the three people and the bodyguards walked around the state government for a while, they found a place to sit down.

The weather here was at its hottest. Yang Huiling kept fanning herself with a travel guide, and sweat was still on her forehead. However, the service staff of the state government saw that everyone was sweating, so they enthusiastically brought a large bucket with ice cream that was emitting a hint of cold air, and invited everyone to taste it.

"Haha, this is probably the ice cream consumed by the state government itself. Everyone should try it." Yang Huiling said with a smile.

After eating the ice cream, the summer heat gradually subsided. Shen Ying said to Fan Wubing, "It's really too hot here. If we get to the mining area, will the conditions be even worse?"

"That's not necessarily true. The mining area is in the north, about 2,000 kilometers away from here, so it must be much cooler." Fan Wubing replied.

"More than 2,000 kilometers?!" Shen Ying said with wide eyes, "Australia is really vast and sparsely populated! It takes a long time to drive such a long distance."

"Driving is naturally very slow, we usually fly there." Yang Huiling interrupted.

That is, in the afternoon, Fan Wubing and his group of six took a small biplane and flew over the mining area for a walk, allowing Shen Ying to appreciate the primitive and wild atmosphere of Australia and the grand scene of the mining area being opened. Then they returned to Perth and stayed at the branch office here to rest.

At dinner, Governor Hobbit and others came to visit and had a meal with Fan Wubing. During the meal, everyone chatted about various gossips, and then Hobbit asked about Fan Wubing's purchase of an island, and then said with envy, "The government has now issued an order to prohibit the continued sale of islands to private operators. The islands purchased by President Fan have appreciated a lot at this time."

"If the governor likes, I can give you an island." Fan Wubing said with a smile.

",,!" Hobbit waved his hands and said, "I dare not take this! Someone will die!"

Hobbit is still thinking about the next election, and he will be dismissed from his current position if people know that he is now openly accepting bribes from foreigners. What sustainable development can he talk about?

In fact, Hobbit is very interested in Fan Wubing's mine. The key reason is that the development of this industrial chain is not limited to the mine. In the direction of railway construction and port construction, it also provides tens of thousands of jobs, and the relevant beneficiaries are countless. The Western Australian government, which has not had any construction atmosphere for many years, is now crowded with people and has attracted many investors to settle in.

It can be imagined that once Fantasy's mine enters a stable development period, the various ancillary industries that follow will also be greatly developed. This is an important guarantee to ensure that Hobbit achieves a good result during his term as governor.