Chapter 1951 Royal Family Tradition

The threshold for becoming a noble in Austria has been lowered again and again. Since 1896, even if they have not participated in combat, as long as they have served for forty years, officers of bourgeois origin can become a noble.

In peacetime, everyone could only endure the time; but after the outbreak of World War I, many officers obtained noble status based on their participation in the war and special contributions. From 1916 to the end of the war, Emperor Karl awarded more than 700 people in total. These The new aristocrats who gained status through military service were called "institutional aristocrats."

To be promoted to an untitled peer, the applicant does not need to pay fees to the state. But if you want "noble" titles and titles containing place names, you need to pay a fee.

The titles of institutional nobles are not linked to the actual territory. They can choose by themselves. They can be the place where they performed meritorious service or the place where they served in the military. Some titles are even completely fictitious, used to express loyalty to the dynasty, such as "Feng Guangren" "Shield". In addition, applicants can design their own coat of arms, but they need to be approved by the government.

In addition to serving the country in the military, administrative officials, business owners, bankers, financiers, artists, and freelancers may also be granted the title of nobility by the emperor. Compared with other European countries, including other German states, Austria He was quite generous when conferring nobility.

During this period, at least 11,000 people were ennobled, and at least 10,000 of them were promoted from civilians.

The mentality and spiritual outlook of the new aristocracy still maintained the characteristics of the bourgeoisie, while the old aristocracy still held a dominant position through their wealth, land, intermarriage alliances and close ties with the court.

But generally speaking, the institutional aristocracy in the second half of the 19th century represented the rising bourgeoisie that partly believed in liberalism and was loyal to the emperor.

The old aristocrats were called the "first society" and the new aristocrats who had risen from the bourgeoisie were called the "second society." There was little intermarriage between the two.

There are strict barriers and complex chains of contempt between the "first society" and the "second society". There is no doubt that the former despises the latter. However, some wealthy people who belong to the "second society" are particularly powerful. Because of their power, we have to consider them as the "first society".

So the "first society" is divided into two groups: A, the original "first society"; and B, the nouveau riche who rose from the "second society". The latter are often much richer than the former.

Men from the two groups A and B can date because they are often colleagues in the government and the military, but women from these two groups almost never date. If a man from group A marries a woman from group B, he will be raped by A. Group exclusion.

At the big balls in the palace, both groups were invited, but group B was never invited to the so-called "little balls".

A "first society" like this was also divided into upper and lower groups, a phenomenon unique to Vienna.

It was not until 1919 that the Austrian Parliament promulgated the "Abolition of Nobility Act", completely abolishing the aristocratic system.

Moreover, Austria's abolition of nobility was more stringent than Germany's Weimar Republic. The Weimar Republic also allowed nobles to retain their titles and "von" as part of their surnames, while Austria simply banned all noble titles and "von" titles, which was illegal. Violators will be fined 20,000 kronor or imprisoned for up to 6 months.

The 1948 constitution changed this penalty to 4,000 Austrian shillings. Since then, inflation and other factors have not been taken into account. It has always been this amount, which is equivalent to about 290 euros today. Therefore, the patriarch of the Habsburg family can only be called * in Austria. * Habsburg, not ** von Habsburg.

However, the names or stage names of artists and actors are not affected by this law, so Herbert von Karajan can still use the word "Von". Many nobles prepare two sets of business cards and stationery for themselves, one set in compliance with the law, and one set without One set of noble titles and coats of arms was used for dealing with public institutions; the other set had titles and coats of arms for dealing with the business world and other nobles.

Why is Austria so harsh or even harsh towards its nobility? This reason is not difficult to explain. In Germany, World War I ended, the Kaiser officially announced his abdication, and the transition from empire to republic was legal.

In Austria, the last Emperor Karl and Empress Zita did not abdicate, and a referendum to abolish the imperial system was never held. Therefore, the First Austrian Republic established at that time had essentially no legitimacy.

Precisely because they knew they lacked legitimacy, the leaders of the First Republic were very afraid that the old elite group, that is, the nobility, would come back, and that the nobility would rise up to question and oppose themselves, so the Republic was determined to suppress the aristocracy, so Austria The Republic was very strict with the nobility, and they were not allowed to use "Feng" and various titles.

The Habsburg family was even banned from returning to Austria for a long time, and was deprived of the right to become Austrian President. Later, most members of the Habsburg family gave up the right to become emperor, but Emperor Karl's two sons, Robert and Philip, Leakes did not relinquish that right.

However, despite the express prohibition, it is still very common to use noble titles and "von" in daily life in Austria, and often without real punishment.

For those truly great nobles with historical heritage, losing their title is not important. His palace, castle, land, money, connections, education and social status are all still there.

But for those "second society" who worked hard for the country during the empire and obtained noble status, the abolition of noble titles is undoubtedly equivalent to covering their faces with a veil. Their salaries are not much and they live in poverty. , but after serving the emperor for decades, they can obtain low-level noble status, which is a kind of praise and encouragement to them. It also connects many people with the dynasty and makes them loyal to the emperor.

In this sense, aristocracy is a kind of social glue. However, after the abolition of aristocracy, these groups were hit hardest. Many of them suddenly lost their jobs, social status and the last bit of honor.

After Nazi Germany annexed Austria, it did not restore the titles of the Austrian nobility. The post-war Second Austrian Republic "upheld the original sentence" of the nobility.

After understanding this period of history, you will understand why Yang Cheng said that there are no nobility in Austria.

The Austrian girl seemed to regard Yang Cheng as a trash can. The more she talked, the more excited she became. She complained wantonly about her experience of being oppressed. She even gnashed her teeth in hatred towards those so-called aristocratic lords.

Yang Cheng was not impatient and always listened quietly with a smile, which made the little girl who had been depressed all day feel a lot more comfortable.

Finally, he blushed and said, "Did I say too much?"

"No, I like to listen to stories. Okay, that's it for today. I have something else to do." Yang Cheng stood up. Although the bathtub was being heated, it was not a problem to be soaked in the water all the time.

The girl didn't dare to be negligent and quickly stood up and took the bath towel to wipe Yang Cheng.

"By the way, if I don't stay overnight tonight, it won't affect you, right?" Yang Cheng asked thoughtfully.

He thought very comprehensively. In fact, he was QGZ who knew their line of work. In some similar clubs, if a girl failed to retain customers, she would be brutally punished. Yang Cheng was not a bad person, but he did not want to hurt a person because of himself. Poor girl.

The girl shook her head, "No, our job is to accept every request of the guests. If the guests want to leave, we must not force them to stay."

"That's good. Thank you for your service. I feel much more relaxed after a tiring day~"

Yang Cheng gently patted the girl's cheek, then changed her clothes and prepared to leave.

At this time, Kavin knocked on the door and came in. He was startled when he saw Yang Cheng getting dressed, and then asked, "Are you leaving now?"

"Let's go. If Alois asks, tell him to have fun and don't pay attention to me~"

"Okay, Mr. Yang, I wish you a wonderful night. This is my private collection of red wine. Can you take it back and taste it with your wife?"

"Okay, you're welcome then, thank you~"

Yang Cheng had no need to refuse this small gift.

. . .

After taking the car back to the hotel, Luo Yue smelled the fragrant fragrance of Yang Cheng and couldn't help but wrinkled her little nose and asked suspiciously, "Where have you been?"

Yang Cheng said honestly, "Alois took me to a club, you know, but I just took a shower and came out."

Luo Yue didn't believe it, "Really?"

"Of course, you know what I'm capable of. What else can I do with this little time besides driving?"

Luo Yue spat, "You're talking nonsense, but I misjudged the person. I didn't expect the serious crown prince to be so debauched in private~"

Yang Cheng laughed, "Hey~ It's a tradition of European royal families since ancient times, just get used to it~"

"Where are we going tomorrow?"

"Tomorrow I'm going to meet with some Austrian officials with Alois to discuss some business matters. You guys should start back and go to the Salzkammer Lake District. The towns there are more beautiful than the last. I suggest You go to Hallstatt first. It ranks second among the ten most beautiful towns in the world. It is very worth visiting~

A few hours later, we met in the small town. "

Hallstatt is the oldest town in Austria. It is known as the most beautiful town in the world and also known as the "postcard from heaven". The town has a population of less than 800 people. Someone once said: If a person If a person loves you, take him to Hallstatt; if a person hates you, take him to Hallstatt too, and he will fall in love with you for it.

The town of Hallstatt is a village in the Salzkammergut region of Upper Austria, Austria. It is located on the shores of Lake Hallstatt at an altitude of 511 meters. The 'Hall' of Hallstatt may be derived from The ancient Celtic word for 'salt' is named after the salt mine near the village. Historically, this area became rich from salt. Therefore, it is also known as "the oldest salt capital in the world".

"Hallstatt" means "Early Iron Age". Artifacts with important archaeological value were unearthed in Hallstatt, proving that a fairly developed culture existed here as early as 2,500 years ago. , and identified this place as the birthplace of the European Iron Age.

This town is also famous for its salt mines and is known as the "Treasure Land of Salt Mines". The development of the salt mining industry has promoted the prosperity of the local economy. The beautiful environment and developed economy have also attracted many romantic painters, artists, poets and composers. home, thus leaving behind a large number of high-quality architectural and artistic remains.

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