Chapter 491 Hungarian Democratic Republic

Which countries were most affected by the Russian Civil War?

Without a doubt, it was the countries that were neighboring and relatively weak.

Among all the neighbors of Russia, the one that was most affected by the Russian Civil War should be the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which was in great chaos.

The Austro-Hungarian Empire did not split in the war, which was a great thing for Emperor Karl I.

But the problem was that Karl I obviously did not have enough prestige to maintain the union of Austria and Hungary.

If the Bohemian region was added, it would be a situation of tripartite confrontation.

The triangle is stable, but the three powers are not. Coupled with the influence of the Russian Revolution, the Austro-Hungarian Empire also ushered in the most difficult choice.

In March 1919, Soviet Russia held a meeting in Moscow and formally established the Third International.

After that, the Soviet party in Hungary received support from Moscow, and attracted supporters in the Kingdom of Hungary, becoming one of the largest parties in Hungary.

It was mentioned before that Hungary's economy is mostly small peasant economy and small capital economy, which also means that Hungary has a large number of individual farmers.

In order to win over these peasants, the Hungarian Soviet Party vigorously advocated the advancement of the Soviet system and emphasized that the representative committee was for the interests of workers and peasants and fought against the capitalists, that is, the old Austrian government.

This actually corresponds to the relationship between Hungary and Austria. Compared with the economy of the Austrian government, Hungary is obviously in a relatively weaker position.

Hungarians are not happy to see the oppression of the Austrian government, and the conflict between the imperial government and the royal government has made the two regions in dire straits.

Opposed to the Soviet Party is the bourgeois party that has long been established in Hungary.

Although the two parties have different consciousnesses, they are united at this time. They have a common goal, which is to end the 400-year rule of the Habsburg dynasty in Hungary.

As the greatest family in Europe, the history of the Habsburg family is absolutely glorious and great.

But now, although the Austrian throne is still retained, the Habsburg's position in the Austro-Hungarian Empire is already in jeopardy.

Emperor Karl I has not yet made up his mind to cut off Austria and Hungary, even though the two regions have become enemies that are impossible to unite.

If Hungary's betrayal during the previous war was the fuse that exacerbated the conflict between Austria and Hungary, then the completely different attitude of the imperial government towards Austria and Hungary during the flu period was the sword that directly cut off the connection between Austria and Hungary.

Hungary is the grain-producing area of ​​the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the imperial government naturally requires the Kingdom of Hungary to provide enough food for the entire empire during the flu.

At the same time, because the imperial government was burdened with a large amount of debt, the imperial government only used blank checks and the Austro-Hungarian crown that depreciated to the point of being worse than waste paper to buy food from the Kingdom of Hungary.

The farmers and small capitalists in the Kingdom of Hungary naturally did not want the grain and assets they had worked so hard to grow to be acquired by the imperial government.

They also wanted to use the previous method, that is, to firmly declare that they had no food to prevaricate the imperial government's requirements.

But unexpectedly, under the order of the imperial government, the army went directly to the government of the Kingdom of Hungary and forcibly collected a large amount of food.

Although some crowns and pounds were left as compensation, Hungarian capitalists were obviously unwilling.

After all, during the flu period, the price of food had already increased several times. The imperial government wanted to buy food with the price of food before the flu. Isn't this a fair and aboveboard advantage?

Besides, the crowns of the Austro-Hungarian Empire could not be spent in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the extent of depreciation could not even be described as exaggerated.

Under such circumstances, the Kingdom of Hungary's complaints about the imperial government deepened infinitely, and also aggravated the contradiction between the royal government and the imperial government.

As Emperor Karl I, who should have been the mediator, faced the contradiction between the imperial government and the Kingdom of Hungary, he not only did nothing, but also did not comfort the Hungarian government, which was on the victim's side.

This made the Kingdom of Hungary very disappointed with Karl I, and also aggravated the contradiction between the Hungarian people and the imperial government and the royal family.

Facts have proved that as long as the people don't like you, then everything you do is wrong.

The long-accumulated Hungarian people broke out in a nationwide demonstration, demanding the overthrow of Karl I's rule and the establishment of a completely independent Hungarian democratic country.

It was from this moment that the relationship between Austria and Hungary became like fire and water. It was impossible for Charles I to have his cake and eat it too. He had to make a choice between the two pieces of land.

The ending was obvious. Charles I could not choose the Kingdom of Hungary, which had openly opposed him. He could only pretend to be deaf and pray that Austria would not have a demonstration like the one in Hungary.

With the participation of Soviet Russia, it was impossible for the Hungarian demonstration to end well.

In just a few days, the number of people in Hungary's demonstrations had exceeded 100,000. The people demanded the establishment of a completely independent government, or the overthrow of the Hungarian government.

Under pressure from the people and parties at home, Tisza, then Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Hungary, joined forces with the Commander of the Hungarian Armed Forces to declare independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, abolish the monarchy of the Kingdom of Hungary, change the Kingdom of Hungary to the Hungarian Democratic Republic, and serve as the first Prime Minister of the Hungarian Democratic Republic.

The Commander of the Hungarian Armed Forces was appointed as the Minister of Defense of the Democratic Republic, and the two began to promote a large number of their own confidants in order to quickly replace the original royal government.

The establishment of the Democratic Republic plunged Hungary into a carnival, and major newspapers also lamented the victory of the revolution.

But for Soviet Russia and the workers' parties in Hungary, the establishment of the Democratic Republic was not a good thing.

Prime Minister Tisza perfectly transitioned the royal government and the democratic republic government, which did not benefit Soviet Russia, which had been painstakingly laid out for a long time.

Under the influence of Soviet Russia, the workers' party in Hungary was in high spirits and strongly demanded to follow the Russian path again, that is, to break out a civil war to compete for the power of the government.

Soviet Russia has taken advantage of the civil war against Tsarist Russia with its strong appeal to the working class.

The Hungarian workers' party is trying to replicate this, unite the workers and peasants of Hungary, and directly abolish the democratic republic government that should not have been established.

In May 1919, with the support of Soviet Russia, the Hungarian workers' party brazenly launched an armed uprising and attacked major cities in Hungary.

In just a few days, the civil war in Hungary spread to every corner of the country.

The civil war is not good news for this newly established country. In addition to the civil war, they also have to face possible retaliation from the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

Prime Minister Tisza urgently asked European countries for help and stated the seriousness of Soviet Russia's expansion to the outside world.

The biggest reason why the countries in the Russian Civil War did not take the initiative to send troops was that Tsarist Russia had a part of the advantage at the beginning. In theory, it could completely win the war by manpower consumption.

But unexpectedly, Soviet Russia had a huge appeal to workers, which also made a large number of workers in Tsarist Russia's Eastern European lands respond to the call of Soviet Russia and join the ranks against Tsarist Russia.

The peasant class that supported the Tsar's rule was not so fanatical about blind worship of the Tsar because of Nicholas II's violent suppression policy at the time, and it was even less likely that they would use their lives to maintain the Tsar's rule.

From the distribution map of the forces of both sides from the Russian Civil War to the present, it can be seen that the Russian Civil War was a tripartite confrontation between the north and the south at the beginning, and Tsarist Russia even occupied wealthy areas including Poland.

But with the development of time, the Polish region has gradually been controlled by Soviet Russia. Even if Tsarist Russia has support from European countries, it is not a match for Soviet Russia.

In fact, this can be seen from the fighting spirit of the soldiers on both sides. The equipment of Soviet Russian soldiers is backward than that of Tsarist Russian soldiers. They have a more fearless attitude and are not afraid of death in war.

On the other hand, although most of the soldiers in Tsarist Russia are veterans from the battlefields of World War I, these people have also experienced the cruelty of war and are not so supportive of war.

In particular, a considerable number of them were forcibly conscripted to the battlefield, and their attitude towards war would naturally not be very good.

Even many people have battlefield sequelae, but Tsarist Russia still doesn't care and still forcibly orders these soldiers to go to the battlefield.

If the capitalist government had not been abolished and Nicholas II had obtained part of the power of the assets, I am afraid that the outcome of the Russian Civil War would have already been decided.

Faced with the growing strength of Soviet Russia, and the Soviet Russia's attempt to spread this consciousness to other neighboring countries, European countries began to be vigilant.

No one wants such a country to appear next to them, which can have a huge impact on their own system and ideology.

For any industrial country, the working class is a force that cannot be ignored. But Soviet Russia accommodates all workers into its scope. Doesn't it mean that workers in all industrial countries may become supporters of the Soviet Union?

No monarch wants to see his country become a republic, especially a republic like the Soviet Union.

Hungary's request for help has also attracted the attention of European countries. If the external invasion of Soviet Russia like Hungary cannot be stopped, the whole of Europe will be affected by Soviet Russia, which is something that no great power wants to see.

First update of 3000 words, please vote for me, please support me!

Today's daily update is 10,000, and 3000/10,000 words have been updated. Please vote for me, please support me!