Chapter 627: Submarine Capable of Carrying Julang 2

Chapter 627 Submarines that can carry JL-2

The threshold for building a submarine is not low. The first is the material of the submarine shell. High-strength alloy steel must be used so that it can withstand the squeezing of strong water pressure and avoid being squeezed underwater.

However, this is only the first step. Even if you have the right high-strength steel, you may not be able to make a submarine, because the steel plates produced by the steel mill are flat, while the steel plates required by submarines are curled.

The pressure hull of a submarine is similar to a boiler. Both are pressure vessels. As long as you have basic knowledge of engineering mechanics, you will know that cylinders are the easiest to withstand high pressure. Therefore, whether it is a boiler or a submarine, it needs to be made into a cylinder, that is, the steel plate needs to be rolled into a steel pipe, but the diameter of this steel pipe is super large!

Even if some submarines do not look like a circle on the outside, it is because of the double hull. The non-pressure hull on the outside has a special shape, but the pressure hull on the inside is a cylinder.

Submarines use high-strength steel, which is very difficult to roll, and when rolling, the accuracy needs to be controlled.

After all, it is impossible to achieve an absolute perfect circle when rolling a steel plate into a steel pipe, so there will be an eccentricity. The larger the bending radius, the higher the eccentricity value will be. This requires an advanced plate rolling machine, which not only requires high pressure, but also high precision!

At present, the plate rolling machine used in the diesel-electric submarines manufactured by Mingzhou Group is a second-hand product obtained from the old Russians. It is no problem to use it to manufacture diesel-electric submarines with a displacement of more than 3,000 tons, but it is difficult to manufacture nuclear submarines of 7,000 to 8,000 tons. If it is to manufacture strategic nuclear submarines of tens of thousands of tons in the future, it will be even more impossible.

Hearing everyone's concerns, Qin Tao nodded: "Yes, if you want to manufacture large submarines, you can't do without plate rolling machines. The superiors did not directly approve our 095 submarine plan at the beginning, which was also far-sighted. After all, it was just a PPT plan at the time, and the foundations in all aspects were not yet available. By the way, Zhengyang, how is our plate rolling machine being manufactured?"

Qin Tao is busy with all kinds of things, and it is impossible for him to ask about everything personally. He just needs to arrange it.

At first, the large-scale 3D CNC plate bending machine was manufactured by the Huating Second Pump Factory under Mingzhou Group, and the team led by Professor Hu of Huating University was responsible for CNC equipment. It was made through the cooperation between the factory and the school.

After the plate bending machine was made, Qin Tao gave them a more difficult task: to make a plate rolling machine, and a large one that can make a 10,000-ton nuclear submarine!

Qin Tao didn't know the specific progress of these projects, but as his secretary, Xu Zhengyang had to know all of this.

"Mr. Qin, the machine has been developed and is now in the equipment assembly phase. It is expected to be delivered to our Mingzhou Shipyard by the end of this year." Xu Zhengyang said: "According to the design indicators, this is an 8,000-ton three-roller plate rolling machine. It can roll steel plates with a maximum yield strength of 1,200 megapascals, and the maximum diameter of the rolled plate is 13.5 meters."

(Looking up the information, it is said that the yield strength of our submarine steel is more than 2,000 megapascals. I personally feel that it is a bit exaggerated. A steel plate of 1,000 megapascal can dive to a depth of 600 meters, which is enough. The depth of Western submarines is generally 300 to 400 meters. So we set it at 1,200 megapascals.)

8,000 tons of pressure, this is definitely the best in the world! It can press a steel plate of 1,200 megapascals and roll it into a diameter of 13.5 meters!

Isn't this amazing?

Everyone is professional and immediately realized what these data represent.

"Amazing, even if we make a submarine with a displacement of 20,000 tons in the future, we don't need a turtle back!" Mr. Huang spoke first.

"Yes, the Swedes are still holding us back, saying that without the plate rolling machines they make, our submarine industry cannot make progress. Now we are going to disappoint them!" Li Baotian was very excited.

"That's right, now we have all the conditions, and we don't have to worry about nuclear reactors. At most, we can install two 150-megawatt nuclear reactors. Now, our strategic nuclear submarines will be truly mature!"

How big the diameter can be rolled is of great significance, which directly determines the size of the submarine that can be manufactured!

At present, China can only roll a pressure hull of about eight meters, so the displacement of the 091 and 093 submarines is only five or six thousand tons. Although the displacement of the 092 ballistic missile nuclear submarine is large, it is because of the turtleback, and the pressure hull is still the same size.

The Russians can only roll a pressure hull with a diameter of nine meters, so the displacement of their submarines is subject to the same limitation. However, what happened to the Typhoon class?

Of course, the Russians innovatively used two nine-meter diameter pressure hulls side by side. Although the submarine is huge, the internal space is actually seriously wasted.

The diameter of the pressure hull of the largest Ohio-class nuclear submarine in the United States is only 12.9 meters, and it was rolled out by the world's largest plate rolling machine in Sweden. Now, if China has a plate rolling machine with a diameter of 13.5 meters, it can definitely manufacture strategic nuclear submarines with a displacement of 20,000 tons!

"Yes, if it is combined with the new Julang-2, we can have real submarine-launched nuclear power!" Wu Shengli also became excited: "Taozi, after you go back this time, you will not only continue to refine the design plan of the 095 submarine, but also design a brand new ballistic missile nuclear submarine!"

At the beginning, the first domestic solid ballistic missile was the Julang-1. This missile took a long time to develop, but its performance was not advanced enough. It was just a medium-range missile with a range of two thousand kilometers. According to The development of the navy means that it can protect the 092 nuclear submarine on combat readiness duty in the South China Sea. This kind of range can only reach some nearby bases, not even the middle line of the Pacific Ocean.

Therefore, Julang-1 only solves the problem of whether or not, and it will definitely continue to develop.

What's next?

There is still a lot of controversy in the country.

The Julang-1 first landed and became the land-based Dongfeng-21. Then based on this mobile missile, the Dongfeng-31 was developed. The follow-up Dongfeng-41 is also planned. Through these missile projects , China has a huge family of solid mobile missiles.

Next, it is time to continue to develop advanced submarine-launched missiles based on these technologies!

The Julang-2 missile is actually very different from the Dongfeng-31. It can even be said to be newly developed. However, after all, this missile uses a lot of land-based missile technology.

Qin Tao was also thinking quickly.

If we follow the data of later generations, the length of the Julang-2 missile will reach 14 meters. In this case, the maximum 13.5-meter pressure-resistant compartment of the submarine still cannot accommodate this missile. However, we are building a double-shell submarine. !

Outside the 13.5-meter-diameter pressure-resistant shell, a non-pressure-resistant shell must be wrapped, so that the diameter properly exceeds 14 meters, and may even exceed 15 meters.

In this way, the Julang-2 missile does not need to be exposed to the outside.

Even in the future, after the Julang-3 missile with a range of 12,000 kilometers is developed, it can be stuffed into the belly of this strategic nuclear submarine with slight modifications.

When he thought of this, Qin Tao also became excited: "Dad, if we want to design a new ballistic missile nuclear submarine, we need to communicate with the developers of the Julang-2 missile. We don't need confidential information, we just Just need the relevant parameters of the missile, which will facilitate our submarine design. Although the 095 has not yet been built, we can now design a new strategic nuclear submarine. "

Wu Shengli nodded: "Well, it's time for a joint discussion. I will make arrangements for you when we get back."

Qin Tao looked at Mr. Peng, Mr. Huang and others present, and thought: "Mr. Peng, Mr. Huang, you are all people who have dedicated your lives to the motherland's nuclear submarine technology. Now you have reached your sixtieth year, but you are still still Working on the front line, I have a heartfelt request.”

"Mr. Qin, if you have anything to say, just say it." Mr. Peng and Mr. Huang seemed to have guessed something, their eyes full of excitement.

"I would like to invite two people to join our Mingzhou Group's Third Design Office as special technical consultants."

"Invite us? Doesn't your Mingzhou Group's Third Design Office also have experienced designers? That Kvasa is very powerful, and his ability is no worse than ours. Besides, we are also old." Mr. Peng said.

"You two, let me make it clear. Our Mingzhou Group is involved in the construction of nuclear submarines for the first time. We need to contact many domestic factories, especially a large part of which we are not familiar with before. Therefore, I ask you to be the The technical consultant is actually planning to use the names of the two of them," Qin Tao said very sincerely.

However, the two of them didn't buy it.

"Mr. Qin, now you still need others to stand behind you? Your Mingzhou Group is a loud sign. You want to cooperate with others. It is their blessing. They rush here and they can't ask for it. How can you hold on to your seniority? Attitude, creating obstacles for you?" Mr. Peng said.

There was also a smile on Mr. Huang's face: "Mr. Qin, you are afraid that you will embarrass us both by telling your true purpose. What's the point? We can understand your painstaking efforts. You have seen the two of us working hard on the nuclear submarine business. I have been busy all my life. Although I can no longer play the leading role, I still want to be involved in this industry. Your Mingzhou Group is not a state-owned enterprise and it is not convenient for us to go there. Therefore, we are specially invited to be consultants. We don’t have to do anything. We only need to go out every day. Just take a look and you’ll be satisfied, right?”

"Yes, Mr. Qin, even if you don't invite us, we will shamelessly come over when the time comes." Mr. Peng said, "We are seeing that your Mingzhou Group is going to build the most advanced nuclear submarine. How can we not go over and join in?" Lively? Mr. Qin, you are too worried, Leader Wu, you have a good son-in-law!"

Wu Shengli smiled all over his face: "Of course, it's settled. When construction starts on 095 next year, you will go to Mingzhou to stay!"

Qin Tao originally thought it was just a suggestion and the follow-up might take a long time, but he did not expect that on the third day after returning from inspecting the 093 submarine, he would be called to attend a meeting on the aerospace system!

The most excited person is of course Kvasa. As a designer of nuclear submarines, he is very much looking forward to his nuclear submarine design drawings becoming a reality. He has been waiting and perfecting them.

Now, the construction of the 095 submarine has finally been put on the agenda, and they will also design a new strategic missile nuclear submarine!

The first generation of strategic missile nuclear submarines are basically improved from attack nuclear submarines.

For example, the US Washington-class missile nuclear submarine was designed on the basis of the "Skipit" class attack nuclear submarine. The Russians' Type 658 missile nuclear submarine was also developed from the Type 627 attack nuclear submarine and the Type 629 submarine. As for China, this is even more so. The Type 092 missile nuclear submarine was developed on the basis of the Type 091, and the Type 094 was developed on the basis of the Type 093. They are almost all inherited.

Now, the Type 095 nuclear submarine is about to start construction, and it is natural to design a ballistic missile nuclear submarine based on it.

However, this is a ballistic missile nuclear submarine after all, a powerful weapon, so Kvasa also attaches great importance to this project, which means that he has finally been recognized by the East!

"Kvasa, our main task this time is to listen to the newly developed ballistic missile data to prepare for the development of our nuclear submarines. The confidentiality of ballistic missiles is very high. For us, don't ask what you shouldn't ask." Qin Tao said to Kvasa as he walked.

"Yes, I know." Kvasa nodded: "We mainly listen to various data and then improve our submarine design. Mr. Qin, can we really design a nuclear submarine with a displacement of 20,000 tons?"

No submarine designer can resist this temptation: design a larger nuclear submarine!

The Typhoon class has become a thing of the past and will not appear in the future. For the East, a nuclear submarine with a displacement of 20,000 tons is already a behemoth.

"It may not be 20,000 tons, it may be 16,000 or 17,000. After all, we need to consider the data of ballistic missiles." Qin Tao said.

Kvasa nodded, and the two had come to the door of the conference room. Pushing the door open, there was a whole new world inside.

This is an oval table-shaped conference room, surrounded by a dozen people, including Mr. Peng and Mr. Huang, and several people in military uniforms, who must be representatives of the military.

When Qin Tao came in, everyone greeted him with a smile. Mr. Peng said, "Mr. Qin, you are finally here. We have been waiting for you."

"Didn't we say that the meeting would start at nine o'clock? Didn't you have one already?"

Everyone looked a little embarrassed. Fortunately, Qin Tao did not pursue the matter further. Instead, he changed the subject: "Come, let me introduce you. The person next to me is Mr. Kvasa, the chief designer of the third design department of our Mingzhou Group. He has profound attainments in the design of nuclear submarines. He will be our chief designer of the brand-new strategic nuclear submarine to be built this time."

"Yes, we have met Mr. Kvasa a long time ago. When we bid for it, the 095 submarine he designed was very good." Mr. Huang said, "Next, please give us your valuable suggestions. Now, please ask our chief designer of Julang-2, Mr. Yang, to give you a brief introduction."

Mr. Yang coughed and began to introduce: "First, let me introduce our Julang-2 missile project to you."

If it was just a few data, it would be over in a few minutes. Since there was a meeting, it would take some time, so Mr. Yang started from the beginning.

The time can be traced back to 1976, when the superiors had approved the development of the JL-2 missile. You know, at that time, even the JL-1 had not been developed yet, which shows that the superiors knew that the JL-1 was only to solve the problem of whether there was a problem or not.

"However, at that time, we were always entangled in the indicators of submarine-launched medium-range missiles and submarine-launched long-range missiles. In this way, the plan was demonstrated in 1986. Our First, Second and Fourth Institutes of Aerospace jointly demonstrated the overall plan of solid long-range strategic missiles and decided to develop land-based long-range missiles and sea-based long-range missiles. In accordance with the guiding ideology of land first and sea later, land and sea considerations, and common technology, the missile has a diameter of 2 meters, uses a three-stage solid rocket engine, and has a maximum range of 8,000 kilometers."

"So, our JL-2 missile and Dongfeng-31 projects are actually parallel?" Qin Tao asked curiously.

Qin Tao was a shipbuilder in his previous life, but his main business was building aircraft carriers. He didn't know much about the navy's nuclear submarines. He only knew that the 094 nuclear submarine was equipped with the JL-2 missile and the 096 nuclear submarine was equipped with the JL-3 missile. As for the specific performance and origin of these missiles, he didn't know.

"Yes, these two projects are parallel. It was no problem to say that the JL went ashore, but if you say that the Dongfeng went to sea, that's layman's talk." Old Yang continued to introduce: "When these two missiles were developed, they required large diameter, basic type, and serialization. Therefore, unlike the 1.4-meter diameter of the JL-1 missile, our JL-2 was designed to use a 2-meter diameter solid rocket engine."

The larger the diameter of the missile, the more fuel it can store, so the range is naturally longer, but it also means greater technical difficulty. Therefore, from a diameter of 1.4 meters to a diameter of 2 meters, it is a huge leap.

"If the diameter of our submarine is enlarged to more than ten meters, there will be no problem placing two missiles horizontally." Kvasa began to infer based on these data: "If the diameter is enlarged to thirteen meters, it will be even more spacious."

"Yes, missiles of this diameter require a larger nuclear submarine, and our current 092 nuclear submarines certainly cannot fit it." Mr. Yang continued to introduce: "Let me continue to talk about the technology of this missile. The diameter is from 1.4 meters to 2 meters, which is not easy. It will inevitably face a series of problems. So in 1979, our second-generation large solid engine began preliminary research. By 1983, the two-meter-diameter large solid engines FG-06 and FG-07 of the Fourth Academy completed ground hot tests and achieved complete success. This laid a solid technical foundation for the establishment of our second-generation solid strategic missiles. After demonstration, we preliminarily decided to use two-meter diameter engines for the first and second stages, and one-meter diameter engines for the second stage. "

For any missile, it must have an engine before it can continue to be developed. Without an engine, it is impossible to fly.

At this time, hearing Mr. Yang's introduction, Qin Tao suddenly thought of something: "Mr. Yang, can these solid rocket engine technologies be used for civilian purposes?"

How did the technical coordination meeting suddenly change direction? Everyone was curious, and Mr. Huang thought of something: "Mr. Qin, are you going to ask for technology for Starship?"

The emergence of Starship has already brought great pressure to the domestic aerospace department. Now, Qin Tao is still not satisfied and actually asked for solid rocket technology? Does this still give us a way out? Everyone's eyes were complicated.

Qin Tao shook his head: "Of course not, the ultimate goal of our Starship is to fly to Mars, which cannot be achieved by solid rockets, but in modern aerospace operations, solid rocket technology is very important. It gives us the ability to launch quickly."

The ballistic missiles at the beginning were all liquid, after all, this technology is more mature, but liquid ballistic missiles need to be refueled before launch, and the movement is slow, and it is impossible to launch quickly. Therefore, with the development of technology, ballistic missile technology has begun to turn to solid missiles, which are pre-loaded with solid fuel and can be launched at any time when needed.

There is generally no timeliness requirement for launching carrier rockets, so liquid rockets are used, but various aerospace powers have also begun to engage in solid rockets, and rapid launch, even if it is to fill the network, is its most important function.

Especially in wartime, a large number of reconnaissance satellites need to be launched as soon as possible, and solid rockets are obviously faster. Small civilian satellites can also be launched easily with solid rockets at a lower cost.

At this time, everyone started thinking after hearing Qin Tao say this.

"Since our aerospace agency has advanced solid rocket technology, it can also be used for civilian purposes. In this way, in addition to developing military industry, you can also make money in the field of civilian space launches."

"Yes, Mr. Qin said it very well. Next, we will conduct a plan demonstration." Engineer Yang said: "We can't just rely on funding from our superiors, we also have to create economic benefits."

Everyone nodded.

"Sorry, I seem to have changed the subject. Let's continue."

"Well, Mr. Qin, I will continue to report. After we used the three-stage rocket, the length of the missile reached more than 13 meters, which is much larger than our previous Julang-1. Therefore, its water exit technology is more complicated. In order to make it better take into account the different needs of underwater and atmosphere, we plan to use a double head fairing and an underwater tail fairing. In this way, the missile will become an ideal teardrop shape underwater. After emerging from the water, the fairing in the water will be thrown away, and it will become a conical fairing that is most suitable for the missile."

When he heard this, Kvasa frowned.

"Kvasa, what's wrong?" Qin Tao looked at the most famous submarine designer of the old Russian curiously.

"Qin, when we came here, you said that we just listened, but now I really want to remind you a few words." Kvasa said.

It turned out to be for this!

Qin Tao smiled and nodded: "Of course, no problem, you can say whatever you want to say. We are democratic, you can raise any opinions."

Kwasha was finally relieved: "Everyone, the biggest flaw of this design method is that the technology is too complicated. Our R-39 submarine-launched ballistic missile has used this technology, but because it is too complicated, it often fails."