Section 1606 The Forbidden City and the Capital

The Forbidden City (dden ty) is the imperial palace of 24 emperors in the Ming and Qing dynasties of China. M【】【】After seizing the throne, Zhu Di, the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, decided to move his capital to Beijing, and began to build the Palace of the Forbidden City, which was completed in the eighteenth year of Ming Yongle (1420). According to the ancient Chinese astrological theory, Ziweiyuan (i.e. Polaris) is located in the mid-heaven, which is the residence of the emperor of heaven, corresponding to heaven and man, so the residence of the emperor is also called the Forbidden City. If Li Cong wants to establish an empire, he will naturally build a huge imperial palace, and the Forbidden City is the best existing one. Of course, this is also the best royal residence in ancient times. Li Cong can only be used as a reference, and he cannot move in directly. Yes, this is also a kind of persecution for culture. The culture of the Forbidden City, or the Forbidden City, is classic culture in a certain sense, and classics are authoritative, immortal and traditional. The culture of the Forbidden City has the characteristics of uniqueness, richness, integrity and symbolism. At the same time, she is connected with today's cultural construction. For any nation or country, classic culture is always the support of its life, the support of its spirit and the source of innovation, and the veins and veins of its continuation and continuation.

Located in the center of the capital, the Forbidden City is now called the Forbidden City, which means the imperial palace in the past. It is the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and it is also the largest, most majestic and best-preserved ancient palace and ancient building complex in the world today. It consists of more than 870 buildings and more than 8,700 houses. Among them, the Hall of Supreme Harmony is the tallest and most splendid, where grand ceremonies such as the emperor's ascension to the throne, wedding, canonization, appointment of generals, and expedition are all held here. The most famous in the inner court is the Hall of Mental Cultivation. There are three Forbidden City built in Ming Dynasty. One is in the capital. One is in Nanjing, and the other is in Fengyang. Fengyang was Zhu Yuanzhang’s hometown back then, so there is also one here, but later emperors don’t use it very much, so basically outsiders don’t know about it.

The Forbidden City was built in the fourth year of Yongle (1406) in the early Ming Dynasty. The Ming and Qing dynasties continued to rebuild and add, especially the restructuring during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty and the reconstruction during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, so that the Forbidden City finally formed the architectural scale it is today. The architecture of the Forbidden City is a collection of ancient Chinese palace architecture, from which we can appreciate the rich accumulation of Chinese architectural culture for five thousand years.

The four periods of building Beijing in the Ming Dynasty--Ming Chengzu Zhu Di ordered the construction of the Beijing Imperial Palace in the fourth year of Yongle (1406). Since then, construction projects have been continuously carried out until the end of the Ming Dynasty. In addition to general maintenance, it can be roughly divided into four periods in terms of project volume.

1. The creation period of Yongle. this period. Combined with the construction of the capital, the old city of the Yuan Dynasty was moved southward as a whole, and the construction of the Beijing city wall was completed, thus determining the location and scale of the palace city. Since the Forbidden City was built based on the experience of palace construction in Fengyang and Nanjing in the early Ming Dynasty, its layout is more complete. The north and south of the palace city are divided into the front court and the back bedroom. The central axis runs through the north and the south, and the left and right are symmetrical. Basically, the planning is carried out according to the regulations of the royal city in traditional documents such as "Zhou Li". The existing Forbidden City basically maintains the plane layout established in the Yongle period.

2. The period of orthodox completion. This period included the three dynasties of Zhengtong, Jingtai and Tianshun. It was a period of initial stability and prosperity after the founding of the Ming Dynasty. The country's financial and material resources were relatively abundant. The renovation of the palace was also the main project during this period. After Zhu Qizhen ascended the throne, his first major task was to build the Forbidden City.

It started in the first year of Zhengtong (1436) and completed in the tenth year of Zhengtong (1446).

Three, Jiajing expansion period. At this time, the Ming Dynasty was becoming more and more prosperous, commercial capitalism developed, and a prosperous commercial district gradually formed outside the front three gates of Beijing. In the 23rd year of Jiajing (1544), Wailuo city in the south was built for defense. The key projects during this period are still the first to be the projects of the three halls of the Forbidden City. This dynasty has the most fires. The fire in the thirty-sixth year of Jiajing (1557) caused "all disasters in the three halls and fifteen gates", and had to be rebuilt one after another. It was not rebuilt until the forty-first year of Jiajing (1562). During this period, due to the reconstruction of the Longevity Palace, the construction of the three halls was temporarily stagnant.

Fourth, the period of decline in the late Ming Dynasty. From Wanli to the end of Ming Dynasty, the signs of decline became more and more obvious, and the government was unable to carry out large-scale construction. Another fire broke out in the three halls of the Wanli Dynasty. But this time it was put on hold for 18 years before it was rebuilt, and the project lasted 12 years. It lasted until the Tianqi year before the repair was completed.

The Forbidden City is 961m long from north to south and 753m wide from east to west, covering an area of ​​720,000㎡. There are 890 houses, 8707 in total. Surrounded by a 10m high city wall and a 52m wide moat. There is a city gate on each side of the city wall, among which the Meridian Gate in the south and the Shenwu Gate in the north are now exclusively for visitors to visit. The layout of palace buildings in the city spreads out to the east and west sides along the central axis. Red walls and yellow tiles, painted pillars and carved beams, are resplendent and magnificent. The palaces and towers are high and low, magnificent and majestic. In the morning and evening, it is like a fairyland on earth. The southern half of the city is centered on the three halls of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Zhonghe, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony, supplemented on both sides by the Hall of Wenhua and the Hall of Wuying. The northern half is centered on Qianqing Palace, Jiaotai Palace, Kunning Palace Three Palaces, East and West Six Palaces and the Imperial Garden. On the east side are Fengxian and Huangji Palaces, and on the west side are Yangxin Palace and Yuhua Pavilion. , Cining Palace, etc., are the places where emperors and concubines live, hold sacrifices and religious activities, and deal with daily government affairs. They are called "back bedrooms". In addition, there are Zhai Palace, Yuqing Palace, Chonghua Palace, etc. The total construction area of ​​the front and back palaces is 163,000㎡. The layout of the whole group of palace buildings is rigorous and orderly, and every inch of brick and tile follows the feudal hierarchy, reflecting the supreme authority of the emperor. In the era of feudal monarchy, ordinary people could not and did not dare to take a step closer. However, after Li Cong established the Imperial Palace, Li Cong's idea was to be the same as that of Americans, semi-open, and the White House is in this mode, so don't make it so mysterious.

The name of the Forbidden City is a metaphor for Ziwei Xingtan. Ancient Chinese astronomers once divided the stars in the sky into three constellations, twenty-eight constellations and other constellations. Sanyuan includes Taiweiyuan, Ziweiyuan and Tianshiyuan. Ziweiyuan is in the center of Sanyuan. According to the ancient Chinese astronomy theory, based on long-term observations of celestial bodies in space, it is believed that Ziwei Xingyuan lives in the mid-heaven. The position never changes. Therefore, it became the constellation representing the emperor of heaven. It is the residence of the Emperor of Heaven. Therefore, the Heavenly Palace where the Emperor of Heaven lives is called the Purple Palace, and there is a saying that "Ziwei is in the middle". 【】【】And【Forbidden】is more understandable, which means that the imperial palace is an important place for the royal family, and idlers are not allowed to come here.

The feudal emperors claimed to be the sons of the emperor of heaven, and considered themselves the sons of the real dragon; and the palace where they lived was compared to the purple palace in the sky. They hope that they live in the purple palace, can govern with virtue, and be naturalized in all directions. Come to the court from all sides to achieve the eternal state of the country, in order to maintain the purpose of long-term rule. Modern people know a lot about the whole thing, and no one will foolishly say that they are the sons of heaven. Li Cong would not be that stupid, but solemnity is indeed necessary.

The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties, in order to maintain their own authority and dignity and consider their own safety, built palaces that were both magnificent and fortified. This city is not only full of palaces and pavilions, but also surrounded by walls more than 10 meters high and a moat 52 meters wide, and there are many sentry posts. It is heavily guarded. Common people don't need to talk about watching the towers and palaces, even if they get close, they are absolutely not allowed.

In addition to the maids, eunuchs, and guards who served them, only summoned officials and authorized personnel could enter the imperial palace where the emperors of the Ming Dynasty and their families lived. Therefore, the imperial palace in the Ming Dynasty was not only called the purple palace, but also a forbidden place, so it was called the "Forbidden City" in the old days. Li Cong didn't want his palace to be so strict. But this name is very good, so Li Cong decided to follow this name for his palace.

The Forbidden City in the capital city was planned to be built in the fifth year of Yongle (1404-1424), the emperor of Ming Dynasty, and was built in the fifteenth to eighteenth year of Yongle. The entire construction project was supervised by the Marquis Chen Gui, and the planner Wu Zhong was in charge. From the fifth year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (AD 1407), Ming Chengzu gathered craftsmen from all over the country. It took 14 years to recruit 200,000 to 300,000 migrant and military workers. This group of large-scale palace groups was built. After it was used in the Qing Dynasty, only part of it was rebuilt and rebuilt, and the overall layout was basically unchanged. Of course, the productivity at that time was relatively low, so it took so many people and so much time to build it. Looking at it now, it takes about one to two years to build it with the manpower and material resources of the energy group. .

The Forbidden City is located in the center of the capital, and the central axis passes through the center of the imperial city, that is, through the three main halls and the three rear palaces of the Forbidden City. The main entrance of the Forbidden City is the Meridian Gate in the south, also known as "Wufeng Tower". The Meridian Gate is the tallest gate in the palace city, and major ceremonies such as the amnesty of the imperial court and the offering of prisoners are held at the Meridian Gate. The north gate is Shenwu Gate, the east gate is Donghua Gate, and the west gate is Xihua Gate.

As the palace city of the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the "outer court" and the "inner court". Located in front of the Forbidden City. The outer dynasty is composed of the central axis composed of ** - Duanmen - Meridian Gate - Hall of Supreme Harmony - Hall of Central Harmony - Hall of Preserving Harmony, and the halls and corridors on both sides of the central axis. In the outer dynasty, the three halls of Taihe, Zhonghe, and Baohe are the main halls. There is the Taihe Gate in front, and there are two groups of palaces, Wenhua and Wuying, on both sides. Judging from the function of the building, the outer court is the place where the emperor handles government affairs and holds court meetings. All major events and various etiquettes of the country are held in the outer court. The inner court is the place where the emperor and concubines live, including the Qianqing Palace, Jiaotai Palace, Kunning Palace, Imperial Garden, and East and West Six Palaces on both sides of the central axis. The inner court is located in the back (north) of the Forbidden City, including Qianqing Palace, Jiaotai Palace, and Kunning Palace. It is the place where the emperor lived. On the side of this group of palaces are the East and West Six Palaces, Ningshou Palace, and Cining Palace, etc. ; and four imperial gardens scattered throughout the inner court. In the palace city, there are also the guard house and some service buildings, as well as the small houses where the eunuchs and maids live, and the two rooms on the imperial road between the Meridian Gate of the main entrance of the palace city and the palace. Outside the court, the Taimiao is in the east and the Sheji Altar in the west. Jingshan in the north of Miyagi is another group of buildings attached to the palace. The buildings in the Forbidden City seem out of place at this time, but Li Cong likes this tone. In the past, Li Cong also felt that the emperor was awkward in it, but he doesn't feel that way when he is going to be the emperor.

Taihe Gate was built in the 18th year of Yongle. It is the south gate of the three main halls of the Outer Dynasty. It is located on the three-meter-high one-story stone Xumi Court, nine rooms wide, four rooms deep, and 23.8 meters high. It is the tallest and largest gate among the existing ancient buildings in my country. Its roof form is double eaves Xieshan style. There is a pair of tall bronze lions in front of the door. There are two gates of Zhaode and Zhendu on both sides of the gate of Taihe; two gates of Xiehe and Xihe on the east and west sides of the courtyard; there are verandas connecting each gate. On the northeast and northwest corners, there are ghost towers. The size and volume of all these gates, buildings and verandas are smaller than those of the Taihe Gate. Make the Gate of Supreme Harmony a prominent position in the entire square. After entering the Taihe Gate, there is a larger courtyard. The width from east to west is still 200 meters, and the depth from north to south is about 190 meters, which is enough to accommodate a guard of honor of 10,000 people. This place is proposed by Li Cong to be kept in the new palace. Now all the meetings are held indoors. Although the energy group has a huge meeting room, this ceremony still has to go. From now on, it will start working here every year. On the first day, where Li Cong met all the senior executives of the group, of course things like kneeling and worshiping can be omitted, and the sky can also be natural. You can also close it and use the sky instead. This is mainly because the weather was relatively cold at that time. If Li Cong gave them a banquet together, it would be outside. It is estimated that after eating this meal, I will freeze to death.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony is commonly known as the "Golden Luan Hall". This is also the place that Li Cong requested to preserve. It is the tallest building in the Beijing palace city of the Ming and Qing dynasties. , each floor is in the form of Xumizuo, surrounded by white jade railings, on the railings are hopeful stigmas, and below are chi heads that spit water. There are decorations on each pillar. Its hall is eleven rooms wide and five rooms deep, with a construction area of ​​2,377 square meters. It is also the largest wooden structure palace in China's existing ancient buildings, but this will soon be replaced by the new palace of the Energy Group. The current Hall of Supreme Harmony is about 70% larger than the current one. The roof of the main hall is in the style of double eaves and hips, that is, the "Si A Chong House" in the Yin and Shang Dynasties, which is in the shape of "Supreme". The number of horned beasts and dougong jumping on the roof is also the largest; the carvings on the imperial road and railings, the colorful paintings in the hall and the patterns of caissons all use dragon and phoenix themes that represent imperial power. [] Sundials, Jialiang, bronze tortoises and bronze cranes on the platform can only be displayed here. The gold-lacquered and carved dragon 'throne' in the hall is a symbol of imperial power. The Hall of Supreme Harmony is the place where the emperor holds enthronement ceremonies, celebrations, and the congratulations of civil and military officials. If a general is ordered to go out, he must also receive his seal in the Hall of Supreme Harmony. In the Ming Dynasty. Palace examinations and New Year's Day banquets are also held in the Hall of Supreme Harmony.

Li Cong, the Hall of Central Harmony behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony, thought that there was no need to preserve it, so there was no such place in the new palace.

The main gate of the inner court is called Qianqing Gate. In front of it is a flat and long courtyard, commonly known as the side street. On the south side of Hengjie is the Hall of Preserving Harmony, and on the north side of the Hall of Preserving Harmony, go straight down to the three-story platform to reach Hengjie, so this is the junction of the outer dynasty and the inner court. Qianqingmen is located in the north of Hengjie, facing south in the center. It is a palace-style gate with five rooms wide, a single-eaved gable roof, and a white stone platform underneath. The specifications of the Qianqing Gate are slightly lower than the Taihe Gate, the main entrance of the three main halls. On both sides of the gate, there is a glass-decorated shadow wall arranged in a figure-eight shape. The pair of screen walls are made of bricks, with glazed eaves on the red wall and a glazed Xumizuo underneath, and glazed decorations in the center and corners of the walls. The main function of this place is the dividing line between the front court and the back court, so this is also what Li Cong wants to keep.

The Qianqing Palace is the main hall of the Housan Palace. In the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty, the Qianqing Palace has always been the sleeping palace of the emperor and empress. It is 20 meters high. There are two small halls connected to each other, namely, the hall and the Hongde hall. Between the two ends is a hallway, which can communicate with Taidian and Kunning Palace. In addition to the emperor's residence, he often summons courtiers here, reads memorials, handles government affairs, and even receives foreign envoys in the hall. The Hall of Supreme Harmony just now can be said to be the largest meeting room of the group. The emperor's office of the future empire, this is also a must, as for the lounge and so on, they all have to be there. The Qianqing Palace is the main hall of the inner court. There is a throne in the middle of the hall and a plaque of "righteousness and brightness" inside. There are warm pavilions at both ends. Qianqing Palace is the sleeping palace of the feudal emperor. Before Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, it was the place where the emperor lived and handled government affairs. After Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty, the emperor moved to the Hall of Mental Cultivation, but he still read the memorials, selected officials and summoned his ministers here. Li Cong believes that these internal decorations should be there. After all, the palace is just a decoration. Does Li Cong really want to work here?

The Jiaotai Hall is located between the Qianqing Palace and the Kunning Palace, which means "heaven and earth merge, and happiness and well-being". It was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the third year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1798). It is a square hall with four corners, a gold-plated treasure top, and dragon and phoenix patterns. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the hall was the place where birthday celebrations were held for the Queen's birthday. The so-called Silkworm Prosperity Ceremony by the empresses of the Qing Dynasty needed to come here to check the preparations for the ceremony. The "Baoxi" (seal) of the Qing Dynasty is also collected here. If it follows Li Cong's idea. It can be omitted here. But helplessly, Li Cong's wives were unwilling, especially Zhou Yu, who was about to become the emperor, was even more unwilling.

In addition, there is an important secret of numbers in the Forbidden City. Like the mysterious pyramids of ancient Egypt, there are many numbers hidden in the buildings of the Forbidden City. The mysterious law behind it.

The courtyard composed of Qianqing Palace and Kunning Palace, the Second Palace of the Back Bedroom, is 218 meters long from north to south and 118 meters wide from east to west. The ratio of the two is 6:11; the courtyard composed of the three main halls of the former dynasty, the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Zhonghe, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony, is 437 meters long from north to south and 234 meters wide from east to west. The ratio between the two is also 6:11. At the same time, the length and width of the front courtyard are almost twice that of the back bedroom courtyard. The area of ​​the courtyard in the front court is four times that of the back bedroom. The east-west six palaces and east-west five houses in the harem part basically match the length and width of the back bedroom courtyard. The ancient Chinese emperors had the concept of "turning the family into a country", so when building the palace, the emperor's home, that is, the back bedroom, was used as a model, and the former dynasty and other building complexes were planned in proportion.

In the Ming Dynasty, the Fengtian Hall was nine rooms wide and five rooms deep, with a ratio of 9:5; the earth-shaped large base of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Zhonghe, and the Hall of Baohe was 232 meters long from north to south, and 232 meters wide from east to west. is 130 meters. The ratio between the two is exactly 9:5; the east-west side is nine couplets wide, and the north-south depth is five rooms. The ratio between the two is still 9:5. Ancient numbers are divided into yin and yang, odd numbers are yang, and even numbers are yin. In the Forbidden City, the number of some palaces in the former dynasty is positive, while the number of palaces in the latter part of the palace is negative. Among the Yang numbers, nine is the highest, and five is in the middle. Therefore, nine and five were often used to symbolize the authority of the emperor in ancient times, and they were called "nine-five lords". The emperor's rooms on the central axis are all nine rooms wide. Five rooms deep, including ninety-five. Nine-Dragon Wall, Nine-Dragon Chair, eighty-one door nails (nine vertically and nine horizontally), five ridges on the big roof, and nine horned animal decorations. The Kowloon wall is composed of 270 pieces (including nine), and the corner tower of the Forbidden City has nine beams and eighteen columns. The total number of rooms in the Forbidden City is 9999.5, which is also a metaphor for the meaning of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan".

The Hall of Supreme Harmony (namely Ming Fengtian Hall) in the Qing Dynasty. The face width is not nine, but eleven. The above statement cannot be verified. In fact, this is because the Fengtian Temple was destroyed after Li Zicheng entered Beijing. When it was rebuilt in the eighth year of Emperor Kangxi (1669) of the Qing Dynasty, the old technician Liang Jiu made the model by himself, but because he couldn't find the best golden nanmu, he had to make the model. The surface width was changed to eleven to shorten the span of the stringers. Some people also believe that the palace architecture, including the hall bays, reflects the grade distinction. In the Ming Dynasty, nine rooms were the most honored, and in the Qing Dynasty, eleven rooms were the most honored.

The courtyard of Taihe Gate has a depth of 130 meters and a width of 200 meters. Its aspect ratio is 0.65, which is very close to the golden ratio of 0.618. The most important palace in the Forbidden City, the Hall of Supreme Harmony, is located on the central axis. On the central axis, the distance from Daming Gate to Jingshan is 2.5 kilometers, while the distance from Daming Gate to the center of the courtyard of the Hall of Supreme Harmony is 1.5045 kilometers. The ratio of the two It is 0.618, which is exactly equal to the golden ratio.

The doornails of the palace gates of the Forbidden City usually have nine nails per door, and nine nails per road. Numbers here become the measure of hierarchical status. As the highest positive number, "nine" appears frequently in the buildings of the Forbidden City. The homonym of "nine" is "jiu", which means "eternal", so it also means that the country will last forever and never change color.

In addition, there are some unexplained "accidents". The sequence of the ridge beasts in the Hall of Supreme Harmony is: dragon, phoenix, lion, seahorse, celestial horse, oyster, suan, 豸, bullfight, and Xingshi (monkey). There is one more line. The ridge beast on ancient buildings only appeared once, that is, in the Hall of Supreme Harmony. The number of beasts on the eaves and ridges of general palaces is usually a positive number, up to nine. But there are ten beasts on the eaves and ridges of the Hall of Supreme Harmony. The left and right ye gates of the Meridian Gate and the middle gate and left and right side gates of the Donghua Gate are not like other palace gates with nine nails per door, but only eight. This does not seem to be caused by carelessness, but a puzzle set by the palace builders, waiting for future generations to answer. Li Cong believes that these things are calculated by the ancestors, so Li Cong strictly requires that they be enlarged according to this ratio , Even if you are older, you must ensure this ratio. Li Cong, who is not superstitious, is sometimes a little superstitious.

Of course, for things like the Jinshui Bridge, Li Cong, who likes to show off his face, must want that thing. The Jinshui Bridge is in front of the Taihe Gate. There is an artificial river shaped like a bow, called the Neijinshui River. The side by side stone bridge is Inner Jinshui Bridge (the artificial river in front of ** is called Wai Jinshui River. The five stone bridges are called Wai Jinshui Bridge). Inner Jinshui River flows into the Forbidden City from the moat at the northwest corner of the Forbidden City. It twists and turns from south to east and then south, hidden or visible, wide or narrow, connected with the moat outside the southeast corner of the Forbidden City, with a total length of more than 2,000 meters. The section of the river in front of the Taihe Gate is the widest, most regular, and the most gorgeously decorated. The bottom and sides of the river are all made of white stone, and white marble pillars and railings are set along the river on both sides. The longest and widest of the five inner Jinshui bridges is the main bridge, which only the emperor could pass through in the past; the left and right four are Bin bridges, which are used by clan princes and civil and military officials. The five stone bridges are all made of white marble. The pillars and railings are engraved with cloud and dragon patterns, which are graceful in shape and finely carved, just like exquisitely carved ice jade. Lying on the blue waves, among the red walls and yellow tiles of the tall buildings around, it looks more elegant and beautiful.

Originally, Li Cong wanted to build ten in the new palace, but when he thought of some famous numbers in the Forbidden City, he didn't have the heart to change it randomly at this time. It is still necessary for people to abide by it. Don't change these things arbitrarily. Sometimes changing these things at will may encounter unexpected things, and Li Cong doesn't know what to do. There was a sentence in his mind for no reason.

As for the location of the new palace, Li Cong also consulted many Fengshui masters,

What is "Feng Shui" has been defined by countless people from ancient times to the present, but Guo Pu of the Jin Dynasty was the first to define Feng Shui in history. Also, qi rides the wind to disperse, and the boundary water stops. The ancients gathered it so that it would not disperse. It is called Fengshui, and the method of Fengshui is the first to get water, and the second is to store wind." It can be seen that the art of Fengshui That is, the art of phase. The core is people's selection and treatment of the living or burial environment, in order to achieve the purpose of seeking good fortune and avoiding evil.

The "shape method" of Huaxia Fengshui is mainly used for site selection and shape selection; the "reasoning method" focuses on determining the orientation pattern of indoor and outdoor; There is also "Japanese law" for choosing auspicious days and good days to make things happen; "fuzhen law" is used to choose unfavorable measures for remedial laws. According to the application objects of Huaxia Fengshui, it is divided into Yangzhai Fengshui, that is, the method of Yangzhai, which is dedicated to the site selection and layout of the city walls where the stranger lives; Yinzhai Fengshui, that is, the burial method of the Yinzhai, which is dedicated to the site selection and layout of the tomb of the deceased. . Huaxia Fengshui has different residential environments, and there are so-called residences in wells, wildernesses, and valleys. For example, "Sanyuan Geography" has its own emphasis on the application of Fengshui. For the houses in the wilderness and the valley, because of their close relationship with the surrounding natural and geographical environment, more attention is paid to form; while the houses in wells, due to the constraints of the external environment, often use both form and theory.

The Feng Shui School of Huaxia Feng Shui pays attention to finding the dragon, observing the sand, observing the water, acupoints, and orientation, etc.; while the Li Qi School pays attention to the theory of mutual generation and restraint of Yin and Yang, five elements, stems and branches, eight trigrams and nine palaces, etc., and has established a strict set of on-site Use the compass as a tool to determine the direction of site selection and planning. Regardless of the situation style or the rationality style of Chinese Feng Shui, although many practical methods have been formed in history, they must follow the following three principles: the principle of the unity of heaven, earth and man; the principle of balance between yin and yang; Feng Shui theory is actually a natural science that integrates various disciplines such as geophysics, hydrogeology, cosmology, meteorology, environmental landscape, architecture, ecology, and human life informatics. Its purpose is to carefully investigate and understand the natural environment, use and transform nature, and create a good living environment.

The ancients often said: "The form of a house is the body, the spring water is the blood, the land is the flesh, the vegetation is the hair, the house is the clothes, and the door is the crown. If this is the case, it is elegant and the best. Auspicious." This is to humanize the house, which shows that the proper layout is very important to the house and people.

A city, a village, a courtyard, a building, a house, a room... are all a Tai Chi, but at different levels. The layout of residential buildings depends not only on its own characteristics, but also on the characteristics of the building group. The layout of the building group should be square and complete. The location of a certain part of the building should not be missing. The layout of the building site should pay great attention to the field atmosphere effect of the Taiji diagram, carefully select the open space, and the small garden green space in the building group should be selected in the central area, and should be arranged with architectural sketches. In residential design, a residential building should not lack corners. It is not advisable to stagger and separate households in the interior of the residential floor, resulting in the loss of certain corners of the plane of each household.

The five elements of Feng Shui, dragon, acupoint, sand, water, and direction, are essentially Qi. Find the dragon. catch hole. Observing sand, searching for water, and orienting are to find the auspicious qi suitable for the human body and avoid the evil qi that is not conducive to the human body. To seek good luck and avoid evil is to seek and avoid the qi. There is a field between things, and the air comes from the field. Modern science has initially verified that the human body has energy. Plants have aura, buildings have aura, and all things have aura. Just like the universal gravitation, the atmosphere is also universal. A building can be insignificant, but it is like a group of buildings. The mood can change dramatically.

The feng shui qi is the qi in the unified field qi of the universe, the earth, the region, the building group, the plants and the human body. The field qi of the universe, the earth, and regions is the big field qi. Great atmosphere, come at the empty place, stop at the real place. Yang residences are mostly selected in similar basins and semi-basins (mountain rings, mountain bays). This kind of area, with fertile soil and water, is suitable for people's livelihood and is conducive to receiving a large atmosphere. The nature of field energy is a spiral movement. Any local spiral-type gas at a certain level is a part of the cosmic environment.

Plants, buildings, and human bodies in the small environment are small fields. The air of the small environment is called the earth's air in Feng Shui, and the earth's air comes from high places and goes to low places. However, this kind of place, under certain conditions, can be properly guided by human intelligence in a local environment.

In layman's terms, Feng Shui is a good place. Living here can help people prosper and make money, and can make future generations rich and prominent. Wealth is incomparable; it can lead to thousands of miles of success and prosperity for future generations. Luban spell records: Fu Yi, natural landscape, town house floor, resist all disasters, and the house is auspicious. The family is prosperous and healthy.

The state owns the national fortune, and the city has the city fortune. The six Fengshui cities in China are Xijiang Bagua City, Diannan Kunming, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Wenzhou, Yancheng Hengyang, Guangdong Shenzhen, and the capital Beijing. It’s just that these cities are not suitable for becoming a capital in Li Cong’s view. Each city has its disadvantages. Although Fengshui has been achieved, many places still have not met Li Cong’s requirements. I found a lot of people and looked at it again and again. Many people regard Chang'an as the best place for the future capital, and Li Cong founded the Li Tang Dynasty, so this place is still very good, and as the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, here It can also be said that Feng Shui is very good. If it is not good, it is estimated that there will not be so many dynasties here.

Chang'an is the ancient name of Xi'an. From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, 21 dynasties and regimes successively established their capitals in Chang'an, with a total of more than 1,200 years. It is a famous capital in world history and Chinese history. Its location has been relocated due to historical reasons, but they are generally located near Xi'an and Xianyang in Shaanxi, China. It is the capital with the greatest influence, the longest period of capital establishment, and the largest number of capitals in Chinese history. Ranked first among the four ancient capitals of China, it is the place where Chinese civilization developed, the cradle of the Chinese nation, and an outstanding representative of Chinese culture. It is one of the earliest "world famous historical cities" identified by UNESCO and one of the earliest national historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council, and a world-famous tourist attraction. At the same time, it is also known as one of the four ancient capitals of the world together with Athens, Rome and Cairo.

Chang'an (now Xi'an) (Pinyin: g ān; English: gan; Webster's Pinyin: g-an; Japanese: ちょうあん) [1] means "long peace and stability", the most prestigious world-famous capital in the history of Chinese civilization and Eastern civilization , is a great Chinese city that many foreigners come to worship with admiration.

Chang'an has been the political, economic and cultural center of China for more than a thousand years. It has been the capital of 21 dynasties and regimes successively, and it is the ancient capital of thirteen dynasties. Among the many dynasties that established their capital in Chang'an, the Han, Sui and Tang dynasties were all prosperous times in Chinese history. At that time, Chang'an had become an international metropolis. Chang'an was the largest city in the world during the period from 195 BC to 25 AD and from 580 AD to 900 AD. Li Cong also intends to build them into the largest city now, so the land must be very good, and the place where Chang'an was originally located is currently an area that is not well developed, and various jobs are relatively difficult to develop. easy to do.

Although there were many things in Chang'an before the Tang Dynasty, Chang'an really gained its own reputation among the common people after the establishment of the Tang Dynasty. Chang'an in the history textbooks also began to be brilliant from this time, and the previous powerful one The Han Dynasty was also established here. In 618, Li Yuan proclaimed himself emperor, established the Tang Dynasty, and changed Daxing to Chang'an. After that, it was further built and improved. During the reigns of Emperor Taizong and Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, palaces such as Daming Palace and Xingqing Palace were successively built.

The circumference of Chang'an City in Tang Dynasty is 35.56 kilometers, and the area is about 84 square kilometers, which is 9.7 times that of Xi'an City Wall, 2.4 times that of Han Chang'an City, 1.8 times that of Luoyang City in Sui and Tang Dynasties, 1.7 times that of Yuan Dadu, and 1.9 times that of Nanjing City in Ming Dynasty. 1.4 times that of Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasties, 7 times that of Constantinople built in 447 AD, 62 times that of Baghdad built in 800 AD, and 7 times that of ancient Rome. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Chang'an was the largest and most prosperous international city at that time.

Tang Chang'an City is the first large city in the history of the world to reach a population of one million. Among the population of Tang Chang'an, in addition to residents, royal family, dignitaries, soldiers, servants, Buddhists, monks and nuns, and ethnic minorities, there were no less than 30,000 foreign businessmen, envoys, students, and monks studying abroad. At that time, there were as many as 300 countries and regions that came to Chang'an and Tang as envoys. Tang's scientific and technological culture, political system, and food customs spread from Chang'an to all parts of the world. In addition, Western culture was digested and recreated by Tang Chang'an City, and then spread to surrounding countries and regions such as Japan, Korea, and Myanmar. Tang Chang'an became the gathering place for commercial and cultural exchanges between the West and the East in the world, and it was also the largest city in the world at that time.

When this location was confirmed, many local people didn’t know that their empire would be established here. Most people immediately prepared to give up everything when they received this notice. Of course, the energy group It won’t let them suffer. After the new city is established, all their contributors will have a good return. Many people will have a job and a house in the new city. They promised, so there were no such things as nail houses. Of course, in the new city, there must also be places for princes and relatives to live. All of these have been listed. The Ministry of Finance gave Li Cong The report is that the establishment of the new capital of the empire, including the residences of the nobles, cost 650.7 billion yuan to build. Although such a huge expense was very large during the war, Li Cong also felt a bit extravagant, but all the people in the empire People began to donate money to do this work, and many people donated money spontaneously. A lot of money went to the financial department of the energy group, and Li never did it. (To be continued. If you like this work, you are welcome to vote for recommendations and monthly tickets. Your support is my biggest motivation.)