Chapter 1796: Sailor Grand Canyon

Chapter 1796 Sailor Grand Canyon

But not all plate collisions can form huge mountains, which still requires certain conditions. How Olympus Mons was formed remains to be further studied.

After Zhao Zhongyao and the others visited Mount Olympus for a while, they decided to investigate elsewhere.

At this time, Zhao Zhongyao looked at Feifei and said, "Feifei, where should we travel next." You want to see that place. '

At this moment, Feifei said, 'Dad, I wonder if we should go to the Grand Canyon of the Sailors. That's the lowest point on Mars. Now we have seen the highest point of Mars. So should we go to the lowest point of Mars? '

After hearing Feifei's words, Zhao Zhongyao said, 'Okay, then let's go to the lowest point of Mars—the Grand Canyon of the Sailors. '

After finishing speaking, Zhao Zhongyao drove the spaceship to the Sailor Grand Canyon on Mars.

Sailor Valley or Sailor Canyon, Sailor Canyon or Sailor Valley, named after Mariner 9, is the largest canyon on Mars and the largest canyon in the solar system. It was discovered by the Mariner 9 spacecraft in 1972 and is about the same length as the distance from New York to Los Angeles.

The largest canyon in the solar system draws a wide cut on the face of Mars. The majestic valley named Mariner Canyon extends for more than 4,500 kilometers, the widest point is more than 600 kilometers wide, and it is about 8 kilometers deep. The east-west range of Mariner Valley is from 267.3 degrees east longitude to 331.1 degrees east longitude, that is, it is bounded by the Noctis Labyrinth in the west and enters a large chaotic terrain in the east; the north-south range is from 2.96 degrees south latitude to 19.09 degrees south latitude.

In comparison, the Grand Canyon in Arizona, USA is about 800 kilometers long, 30 kilometers wide and 1.8 kilometers deep. The exact cause of the Canyon of Mariners remains uncertain, although a leading hypothesis holds that a fissure later formed the present-day canyon as the planet cooled billions of years ago. We have identified several geological processes in this canyon. In the heart of Mars lies a rough geological "scar" that runs the length of New York to Los Angeles.

This huge fault zone in the Martian crust is called Mariners Valley, which was discovered in 1972 by the Mariner 9 spacecraft. The Valle de Mariners, composed of several parallel grooves, dwarfs the Grand Canyon on Earth in any respect. It is wider, longer, deeper and older than the Grand Canyon, making it the undisputed king of the canyon.

This mosaic image of Valles Marineris has been colored to show the Martian surface. It is the Thermal Emission Imaging System (Themis), a visible and infrared sensing camera mounted on NASA's Mars Odyssey orbiter. The Mars "Odyssey" vehicle is manufactured by Lockheed Martin, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory is responsible for its flight control.

This mosaic of more than 500 daytime infrared photos reveals more detail of the valley than any previous composite. The valley is extremely wide, and its western depth runs through the labyrinth of Nactis for a total length of about 3,000 kilometers (2,000 miles).

Still, tiny details the size of a football field (100 meters, 328 feet) can still be made out in the image. Geologists believe that the Mariners Valley began to form around 3.5 billion years ago. The fault was created by tectonic changes and the growing growth of the giant volcano Tahist located to the west.

When molten rock (magma) poured from the earth's crust into Mount Tashis, the entire area began to rise, and the surrounding crustal rocks were stretched until they broke and formed faults and cracks. When the fissure opens, the ground sinks, just as the keystone falls when the arch moves. At the same time, faults also open channels for the flow of groundwater, which damages the surface and expands the fractured area.

In countless places in the Valle de Marineris, the steep and newly exposed cliff walls became weak, and the resulting landslides widened the canyon. Exactly when Valley of the Mariners stopped growing is unclear - as small landslides still occur in some places. But its main activity came to an end roughly 2 billion years ago. Several places in Valle de Mariners show different stages in its formation and development. These examples help scientists better understand its ins and outs.

The Valley of Mariners initially cracked open under a slow, irresistible pull. When tectonic movements dragged the Martian crust to form the Tahis Mountains, its ruptures created cracks in the surface hundreds of miles across.

The rifts seen today are just remnants of a common phenomenon in the formation of the Valle de Mariners. The curved shape of these faults suggests that this area is not as solid to move as the marble of the kitchen countertop.

It's more like a hunk of chocolate cake sliding off a cake paper, soft and curvy. Another fault is located on the north face of Tashis Volcano. There, Huangquangou is cut by dozens of curved fault zones. When the surface cracked, water and melted subsurface snow and ice flowed downhill, causing the ground to subside and wash away parts of the ground. Different locations in Valle de Mariners offer snapshots at different stages of this process.

For example, the faults here have formed collapse pits, and some pits are connected in series to form large-scale depressions. This process continues to erode the ground until all the land between two adjacent faults is destroyed. At the eastern end of the valley, scientists observed unmistakable signs of flooding. The ground here was once completely soaked in water. When the flood receded, the surface almost completely collapsed, leaving only isolated square mountains and hills.

So it's no surprise that scientists refer to such regions as "chaotic terrain." Flood water eventually poured into the northern lowlands through several scour channels. From the eastern end of the Valle de Mariners, the floodwaters flowed through a series of channels, eventually reaching the Criss Basin.

in the valley of sailors

To the northwest of , similar floodwaters emerge from a depression called the Keshi Valley scour channel. Is it the result of a single overwhelming flood flooding the river, or is it the result of repeated erosion by smaller floods? This is still an unsolved mystery. Evidence shows that the flooding occurred in several stages, and there was at least one major flood. Although it occurred millions of years ago, this flooding phenomenon is concentrated in a period of Martian history known as the "Western Period."

This period is a transitional period between the "Noahian period" in which huge craters and volcanic activities were the most intense, and before the "Amazonian generation". The three periods are named after three specific regions: the Noah's Mesa, the Plains of the Occidental Kingdom, and the Amazon River Flatlands.

While the time span of the "Western Period" can only be roughly inferred, scientists believe the period began about 3.5 billion years ago and ended about 2 billion years ago. During this period, in addition to large-scale flooding and growth, Mars experienced several slow impacts that formed some craters and basins, and the climate of Mars gradually became colder and drier.

Zhao Zhongyao flew towards the Sailor Grand Canyon on Mars in a flying flying with Feifei. This grand canyon is near the equator of Mars, and it is a very easy place to find. After all, this Grand Canyon is really too big. It was 4,500 kilometers long and 600 kilometers wide at its widest point. The deepest point is eight kilometers deep.

Such a grand canyon is a very obvious landform on Mars. As long as you go to Mars for investigation, you can easily see this Grand Canyon of the Sailors in the air.

Now Zhao Zhongyao took his family and flew towards this sailor's grand canyon. Soon they flew over the Grand Canyon of the Sailors.

Watching this Grand Canyon of the Sailors from a high altitude is really like a 'scar' on Mars. It looked really surprising, such deep scars suddenly appeared on the good surface. It looks very strange.

‘Dad, this Grand Canyon of the Sailors is really spectacular! I don't know what the inside of the Grand Canyon of the Sailors looks like. Should we go to the bottom of the Grand Canyon of the Sailors to investigate. ’ Feifei looked at the long sailors’ canyon in front of him, and he wanted to take a look inside this sailors’ canyon.

'Um! Let's go to this sailor's canyon to have a look. I feel that we are going to find the third amethyst gem, maybe it is in this Grand Canyon of the Sailors. 'Zhao Zhongyao looked at Feifei and said.

Zhao Zhongyao felt that this Grand Canyon of the Sailors exists on Mercury, which is considered a very special terrain. If the third amethyst gemstone is on Mars, then this long Sailor Canyon is very likely to hide the third amethyst gemstone.

After hearing what Zhao Zhongyao said, Feifei also smiled and said, Haha, Dad said it very well. I also feel that the third amethyst gemstone is in this sailor's canyon. Let's hurry up to explore in this sailor's Grand Canyon! '

After hearing what his son said, Zhao Zhongyao said again,'Okay, then let's go to the Sailor Grand Canyon to have a look. Maybe we'll soon find the third amethyst gem we're looking for. '

So, Zhao Zhongyao drove the spaceship to the bottom of the Sailor Grand Canyon. They quickly flew into the Grand Canyon of the Sailors.

To say that the Sailor Grand Canyon seen from high in the sky is already very spectacular. However, I still haven't come to the Grand Canyon of the Sailors in person to feel the grandeur. When you come to the Grand Canyon of the Mariners, you will feel how magnificent this Grand Canyon is.

Zhao Zhongyao drove the spaceship and flew directly to the middle of the Sailor Grand Canyon. After all, the middle section of the Grand Canyon of the Sailors is the deepest place. Only in the deepest places is it possible to see something strange.

Zhao Zhongyao drove the spaceship and parked the spaceship in a relatively open place. This place is relatively flat.

After Zhao Zhongyao parked the spacecraft, he looked at Feifei and said, ‘Feifei, we can get off the spacecraft. We can go to this grand canyon on Mars to investigate. '

After listening to what Dad said, Feifei also nodded and said, 'Alright then! Let's go to the Grand Canyon of the Sailors to have a look. Maybe, there will be something magical here. '

Feifei also felt that the places where they found amethyst gemstones on Venus and Mercury were in some valleys. Then the amethyst gem on Mars must also be in the valley of Mars.

Speaking of the valleys of Mars, of course the Grand Canyon of the Mariners is the deepest part of Mars. If you want to go to Mars to find the third amethyst gem, of course the first choice is the Grand Canyon of the Sailors.

After Zhao Zhongyao and Feifei discussed it, they began to wear the spacesuit. After all, the surface air on Mars is very thin. And there is no oxygen at all. So, if you want to travel on the surface of Mars, of course you have to wear a spacesuit.

The two quickly put on their spacesuits and wanted to get off from the spaceship. But looking at this place every day, it seems that there is nothing special. She felt that it should be safer here, so she also wanted to go outside to have a look. After all, for anyone who wants to travel to other planets, of course, he must go to this planet for a walk. If you just stay in the spaceship, it is the same as not going to this planet.

So, Tiantian looked at Zhao Zhongyao who was about to get off the spaceship and said, 'Dad, can you let me and my mother go down to see too. There doesn't seem to be any danger in this place! '

After hearing what Tian Tian said, Zhao Zhongyao said, ‘Tian Tian, ​​you should stay on the spaceship with your mother! Don't think that there is no danger here. But when we go down, who knows what we will encounter?

What a danger. I feel, you should stay in the spaceship with your mother! I just go down there every day to have a look. '

When she heard Zhao Zhongyao's words every day, she pouted. Then he looked at Zhao Zhongyao and said, "Dad, my mother and I just went to have a look around this spaceship, and we didn't go far away. Why don't you agree!" '

Seeing that her daughter was unwilling, Qu Yuqian also looked at Zhao Zhongyao and said, "Zhongyao, my daughter goes down first, so let her go down and watch for a while!" I go with her. Just look around the ship, we'll be up soon. '

Seeing what his wife said, Zhao Zhongyao had no choice but to look at his daughter and say, 'Tiantian, then you and your mother will take a look near the spaceship. Then go to the spaceship. '

After listening to her father's words every day, she immediately became happy. She looked at Zhao Zhongyao and said with a smile,'Don't worry, Dad, my mother and I won't go far. Just walk with you for a while, then come back to the spaceship. '

'Okay, then you two quickly put on your space suits. 'Zhao Zhongyao looked at Tian Tian and Qu Yuqian and said.

After hearing what Zhao Zhongyao said, Qu Yuqian and her daughter hurried to a place where the spacesuits were placed, and put on their spacesuits.

After putting on the spacesuits with their mother that day, they went down from the spaceship with their father and brother.

Zhao Zhongyao is now taking his family from near the spaceship to a river valley not far away.