Chapter 646: Quantum Decoherence
EU Headquarters, Brisel.
At this time, in an airtight conference room, two men and one woman sat on the round table in a triangle.
Outsiders, again, must be able to recognize them.
The new British Prime Minister Boris Johnson; French President Macaron; the German Chancellor who took over the German baton from the German "Iron Lady", Anne Gretren Kabauer, known as "Little Merkar".
This time I came to Brussels to attend an EU meeting.
Due to too many things happening in front of them, they also decided to meet today to discuss the future direction and countermeasures of Europe.
The expressions of the three were not very good.
Because some time ago, they felt betrayal again.
The three countries of the U.S. and Russia, while the controlled nuclear fusion technology is successful, launched their controlled nuclear fusion research agreement at almost the same time, throwing them away.
Today, the three countries of the United States and Russia have made progress in controlled nuclear fusion technology, while Europe's own controlled nuclear fusion technology has not made breakthroughs.
If this status quo continues, in the near future, they will be surpassed and abandoned outside the gates of powerful countries.
This is not what they want to see.
"That incident proved once again that they are unreliable, what are they going to do next?" Macaron asked.
Both Johnson and Lenka Bauer were quiet and did not dare to speak easily.
After thinking for a while, there was finally some movement.
"In this special period, Europe must be united." Lenka Bauer crossed his fingers and looked calm: "The wind of historical change is very critical. Compared with the three countries of China, the United States and Russia, we must stick together."
"so what?"
Johnson looked at him seriously and told her to go on.
"You should all have received some news about the reasons for the breakthrough in controlled nuclear fusion technology among the three countries."
Macaron and Johnson looked at each other and nodded slightly.
Things are a little clueless,
Their intelligence services informed them of possible guesses, and now that the United States has announced artificial intelligence, they have confirmed the news. Moreover, the dispute between Russia Island and Meidao was also very strange, and they got a lot of news.
"Then what do you mean?" The two of them looked at Lenka Bauer at the same time.
"Concentrate the artificial intelligence research team to tackle artificial intelligence and develop advanced artificial intelligence as soon as possible. We don't have a strong enough technical team and funds. If we don't work together, we can't do anything. The change has begun, and we will no longer be able to do anything. Prepare to leave the world center stage."
Lenka Bauer's words made Macaron and Johnson nod lightly.
This woman, who can take over the big stick from the Iron Lady and take charge of the leader of Europe, must be no worse than them.
"What do you propose?"
"Concentrate the funds and technical talents of European countries, concentrate the talents and technologies of various countries, and regroup the research team. As long as we gather the top talents from each country, we will have the top team, and all technologies will be successfully shared." Lenka Ball said.
The artificial intelligence research institute originally established by European cooperation has reservations on all sides. Now they have been betrayed in the research direction of controlled nuclear fusion technology. They are indeed somewhat passive.
"If you agree, you can announce the news at the summit. Now China, the United States, Russia, and island countries are all trying to snatch technical talents. If we don't unite, we will be abandoned by the times. Don't expect the United States to help us. The withdrawal of controlled nuclear fusion technology is the reality."
Lenka Bauer stopped.
She has said everything she needs to say, and the two of them choose what to do next.
In this era of technological explosion, they have no choice or else they will be relegated to the second-rate in the world.
"I agree." Macaron raised his hand and said.
Both looked at Johnson, and now only Britain was left.
After leaving the European Union, they are now in an embarrassing situation, but they are still the top three countries in Europe and one of the five hooligans. They have been played so many times. If they still follow the United States, they can only be isolated.
"I agree."
Johnson also raised his hand.
...
"Landing..."
"100 metres……"
"50 meters……"
"10 m……"
"Successful landing!"
On the far side of the moon, the edge of Zhihai welcomed guests again, this time it was a behemoth Tiannv.
Chen Mo named this cave area: Ant Cave Area.
After several months of continuous launching of construction machines and helium-3 extraction machines, the ant cave area is now a bit lively, and the machines can work normally no matter it is moon day or moon night.
It is moonlight now, and more than a dozen helium-3 extraction machines can be seen working, and there is also a helium-3 extraction machine that will collect helium-3 and store it in a storage cabin not far from the lava tunnel.
No sound can be heard here on the Tiannv, and it is deadly quiet.
"Please note that the transport compartment is open."
The artificial intelligence of the Tiannv opened the hatch of the transport cabin, the robot in the transport cabin opened the seat belts of the fixed equipment, all kinds of machinery and equipment started, and slowly left the transport cabin and entered the lunar surface.
Except for the five helium-3 extraction robots, all the other robots entered the lava tunnel.
This time, there were a lot of them, and the size of the machine was a bit larger than the one transported by the Goddess. There was also a toolbox containing several robot drill bits for the robot to replace by itself.
A transport robot, carrying the helium-3 collection capsule, arrived at the predetermined position next to the lava tunnel and put it down, and brought the full collection capsule back to the Tiannv.
The one-ton collection chamber is equipped with a refrigeration system and contains 100 kilograms of helium-3, which is collected by the helium-3 extraction robot and returned to Earth to be used as fuel for controlled nuclear fusion.
"Earth, this is the Tiannv, all tasks are completed, please return."
After all the robots were released, the collection cabin of helium-3 was recovered, and after several robots were loaded with some lunar rocks and lunar soil, the artificial intelligence of Tiannv sent a request signal.
"Allow to return."
In the laboratory of Building 1, Mo Nu received the signal and passed the instruction.
"Brother Mo, the Tiannv has returned."
"Um."
Chen Mo, who was in front of the experimental bench, responded and looked at the quantum chip design in front of him.
This is the design drawing of the quantum chip made by Mo Nv according to his idea.
The importance of quantum chips in the manufacture of quantum computers is self-evident.
Quantum chips need to integrate quantum circuits into substrates to carry quantum information processing. There are many paths to quantum chips, including superconducting systems, micro-nano photonics systems, atomic systems, ionic systems and semiconductor quantum dot systems.
Chen Mo's research direction is superconducting systems.
He currently has room temperature superconducting materials, and the technology of superconducting quantum chip systems is relatively easy to implement.
In the research of quantum chips, Chen Mo has several technical solutions obtained in the science and technology library, combined with some theories in reality, and chooses the best, hoping to develop more efficient quantum chips.
The difficulty of current research is to prolong the decoherence time of qubits.
Quantum coherence refers to the special connection between quanta by which one or more quantum states can be inferred from other quantum states.
If a string of quanta is correlated with each other, the string of qubits can be regarded as a "community of destiny", and the processing of one bit will affect the operation state of the other bits. The efficient operation of quantum computers is based on this characteristic of quantum.
Decoherence is the phenomenon of wave function collapse, one of the basic mathematical features of quantum mechanics.
The simple explanation is that there are originally continuous probability amplitudes of multiple states from 0 to 1, and at the moment of 'observation', they suddenly change to a specific function point of 0 or 1.
A little explanation is that in Schrödinger's cat experiment, when Schrödinger did not open the box to 'observe' the cat, the cat only lived in the box with a certain probability, in a superposition state of neither life nor death, that is, life and death. When the box was opened for 'observation', the cat's original indeterminate existence of life and death mutated into reality at the moment of 'observation', life or death, that is, 0 or 1, one of them.
The computation time of a quantum computer is affected by quantum decoherence.
The coherence between qubits is difficult to maintain for a long time. Once observed by an external entity, the qubit will lose its coherence.
Inside a computer, qubits interact with the external environment to decoherence. The period of time between the quantum from the coherent state to the loss of the coherent state is the decoherence time. If the decoherence time is not long enough, the quantum computer cannot calculate.
Increasing the decoherence time is a difficulty in quantum chip technology, and it is also one of the problems that Chen Mo is now studying and solving.
In addition to prolonging the decoherence time of qubits and realizing the preparation, measurement and manipulation of spin qubits, Chen Mo is also currently researching.
Among the technical theories that Chen Mo obtained from the Science and Technology Library, superconducting quantum interference is the best theoretical technology that he can use to manipulate microscopic quantum states.
In addition, in terms of control accuracy, it is necessary to break through the quantum threshold of fault tolerance before quantum chips can succeed.
In order to ensure the efficient execution of scalable quantum computing, the error rate of logical operations cannot exceed 10 orders of magnitude. In order to achieve this error tolerance rate, Chen Mo chose to use topological quantum error correction as his research direction.
Take advantage of the topological properties of quantum states for quantum error correction processes.
This theory is recorded in the quantum materials obtained by the Science and Technology Library, and there is a similar theory of topological quantum error correction in real science.
"Go to the lab."
Chen Mo stood up from the platform and asked Mo Nv to store the data of the quantum chip design and go to the quantum laboratory. Now he is not sure whether the method is feasible or not, and he needs to use experiments to verify his ideas and ideas.